{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T17:08:22Z","timestamp":1760202502485},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]],"date-time":"2004-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11488,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Psychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010three C3H mice were reared in litters of 2 or 8 pups until weaning and, thereafter, in isolation or in bisexual groups of 8\u201010 animals in a Litter Size \u00d7 Postweaning Experience \u00d7 Sex factorial design. At 70\u201075 days of age, subjects were tested in a modified version of the open\u2010field test, designed to overcome some of the reported difficulties in using the conventional test with mice. Animals reared in small litters obtained significantly higher scores than animals reared in large litters on 3 measures of exploratory behavior, though no differences were observed in defecation, eating, and grooming in the arena. Subjects isolated after weaning showed significantly more exploratory behavior and significantly less grooming, eating, and defecation in the test situation than animals kept in groups; males obtained significantly lower scores on 2 of the measures of exploratory behavior and on grooming than females. In general, the pattern of behavior shown by animals reared in larger litters, by animals grouped at weaning, and by males, is taken as indicating a higher level of emotionality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.420060306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,2]],"date-time":"2005-01-02T00:06:10Z","timestamp":1104624370000},"page":"217-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The effects of litter size and post\u2010weaning isolation or grouping on adult emotionality in C3H mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Robin","family":"Priestnall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0022313"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1964.15.2.535"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-196301000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(69)90045-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1957.tb00594.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1963.12.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"445","article-title":"Emotional defecation in mice, a territorial marking response","volume":"17","author":"Bruell J. H.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Amer. Psychol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Carlson P. V.(1961).The development of emotional behavior as a function of diadic mother\u2010young relationships. Unpublished doctoral thesis Purdue University."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.1964.10532543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1963.13.3.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0042567"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(69)90198-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-3472(68)90124-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-3472(65)90103-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(65)90087-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03331320"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0030818"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"246","volume-title":"Roots of Behavior","author":"Levine S.","year":"1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.420020406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0028202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.420030303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Priestnall R.(1970). Litter size the mother\u2010infant interaction and adult behaviour in the mouse. Unpublished doctoral thesis Leicester University."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Priestnall R.(in press). Effects of litter size on the behaviour of lactating female mice (Mus musculus).Anim. 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