{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T17:00:29Z","timestamp":1761843629567},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]],"date-time":"2005-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8355,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thymectomy of very young <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic> larvae abrogated <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and allogeneic leukocytes. Thymectomized (Txd) frogs, however, still rejected first\u2010set skin allografts chronically and second\u2010set grafts (but not third\u2010party grafts) more rapidly. The specific second\u2010set rejection reaction by Txd frogs was transferable <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> to secondary Txd hosts (with major histocompatibility complex identical to the cell donor) by the subcutaneous injection of a mixture of splenic and peripheral blood leukocytes. Spleen cells used in this adoptive transfer experiment (<jats:italic>i.e.<\/jats:italic>, immune cells) were responsive to allogeneic cells from the original donor strain as well as from unrelated donors in mixed leukocyte culture <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> but were still unreactive to PHA. The results are consistent with an extrathymic pathway of alloreactive cell differentiation in this species, although the physiological significance of such a pathway is not clear.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830130705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,28]],"date-time":"2007-02-28T20:50:02Z","timestamp":1172695802000},"page":"541-545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Specific <i>in vivo<\/i> and nonspecific <i>in vitro<\/i> alloreactivities of adult frogs (<i>Xenopus laevis<\/i>) that were thymectomized during early larval life"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Saburo","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197208000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.1975.00383.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01576943"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(79)90099-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Aspects of Developmental and Comparative Immunology","author":"Tompkins R.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00364398"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-305X(78)80020-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01572313"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01572278"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","volume-title":"Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin)","author":"Nieuwkoop P. 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