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IL4 has pronounced effects on B lymphocytes, where it induces high levels of IgG<jats:sub>l<\/jats:sub> and IgE secretion in lipopolysaccharide\u2010stimulated cultures that would otherwise secrete predominantly IgG3 and IgG<jats:sub>2b<\/jats:sub> (of the non\u2010IgM isotypes). An important question is how IL4 exerts its effect. Two main possibilities exist: (a) IL4 instructs uncommitted B lymphocytes to IgG<jats:sub>l<\/jats:sub> and IgE production; (b) IL4 selects and expands an already precommitted B cell. In this study we show, by the use of limiting dilution analysis, that IL4 dramatically increases the precursor frequency of IgG<jats:sub>l<\/jats:sub> and IgE\u2010secreting cells with no significant effect on the clone size, clearly suggesting that IL4 instructs uncommitted B cells to switch to IgG<jats:sub>l<\/jats:sub> and IgE. The fraction of total Ig precursors that can switch to the two isotypes is furthermore high. The high precursor frequency for IgE obtained in the presence of IL4 further demonstrates that IL4 is an important modulator of IgE responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830180716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T05:21:14Z","timestamp":1172726474000},"page":"1073-1077","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Interleukin 4 instructs uncommitted B lymphocytes to switch to IgG<sub>l<\/sub> and IgE"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Susanne","family":"Bergstedt\u2010Lindqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hee\u2010Bom","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ulla","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Heusser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Severinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.155.3.734"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.155.3.914"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.19.6149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.3.679"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/319640a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.7.2061"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.3.949","volume":"136","author":"Coffman R. 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