{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:34:06Z","timestamp":1773290046611,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4018,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>APO\u20101\/Fas (CD95) is a type 1 transmembrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor\/nerve growth factor receptor family characterized by cysteine\u2010rich extracellular domains. Cross\u2010linking of APO\u20101 mediates apoptosis in a variety of cells. In the present study we report the isolation and characterization of the human APO\u20101 gene spanning approximately 25 kb of human chromosome 10. The gene consists of nine exons (25 bp to &gt; 1.44 kb) separated by eight introns (152 bp to \u223c 12 kb). The boundaries of exon 2 to 5 encoding the extracellular region do not match the boundaries of the three APO\u20101 protein subdomains. Exon structure and functional protein domains correspond for exon 6 encoding the transmembrane region and for exon 9 encoding the \u201edeath domain\u201d\ufe01. By a polymerase chain reaction\u2010based approach we localized major transcriptional start sites in human spleen cells 77 and 73 nucleotides upstream of the translation initiation codon of the human APO\u20101 gene. Minor initiation sites were found at positions \u2212128, \u2212111, \u221291, and \u221274. The 5\u2032 flanking sequence of the human APO\u20101 gene is GC rich, contains a high number of CpG dinucleotides and lacks a consensus TATA box. Consensus binding sites for the transcription factors Sp1, AP\u20101, AP\u20102, GAF, NF\u2010\u03c7B, and NF\u2010AT were found. The elucidation of the human APO\u20101 gene structure will facilitate the study of its involvement in various diseases such as in autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830241221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T19:52:12Z","timestamp":1172778732000},"page":"3057-3062","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Structure of the human APO\u20101 gene"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Iris","family":"Behrmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Walczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Krammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2787530"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.5.1747"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90614-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50076-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-9822(93)90009-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)82075-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90464-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"415","volume":"69","author":"Leith\u00e4user F.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","unstructured":"Krammer P. H. Dhein J. Walczak H. Behrmann I. Mariani S. Matiba B. Fath M. Daniel P. T. Knipping E. Westendorp M. O. Stricker K. B\u00e4umler C. Hellbardt S. Germer M. Peter M. E.andDebatin K.\u2010M. Immunol. Rev. 1994 in press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.4.1274","volume":"148","author":"Watanabe\u2010Fukunaga R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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