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CD94, NKG2 and Ly\u201049 belong to the C\u2010type lectin super\u2010family. As yet, CD94 and NKG2 molecules have not been detected in rodents or Ly\u201049 in humans. It has therefore been proposed that the two receptors represent functional equivalents in these species. The present study describes the cDNA cloning of a novel rat gene encoding a protein of 179 amino acids, 54.2 % identical to human CD94. The single\u2010copy <jats:italic>Cd94<\/jats:italic> gene is localized to the rat NK gene complex (NKC), within 50 kb from <jats:italic>Nkrp2<\/jats:italic>, between the <jats:italic>Nkrp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ly49<\/jats:italic> gene clusters. By Northern blot analysis, we showed that rat CD94 is selectively expressed by NK cells and a small subset of T cells, similar to the human ortho\u2010logue. This expression is strain dependent, with high expression in DA NK cells and low in PVG NK cells. Evidence is presented that this difference is not due to receptor repertoire shaping by MHC\u2010encoded ligands, but is controlled by genetic elements residing within the NKC. The identification of a rat CD94 orthologue suggests that NK cell populations utilize two different C\u2010type lectin receptors for MHC class I molecules in parallel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T05:38:11Z","timestamp":1172813891000},"page":"2080-2086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Molecular characterization of a gene in the rat homologous to human CD94"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Erik","family":"Dissen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Siri F.","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ingunn H.","family":"Westgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sigbj\u00f8rn","family":"Fossum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60664-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.165.4.1212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.6.2403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830210927"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2814488"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/349329a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.4.963"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.4.1321"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.2.641"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.6.1589"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7716543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90025-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.5.2306","volume":"155","author":"D'Andrea A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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