{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:52:22Z","timestamp":1753869142496,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]],"date-time":"2019-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trans Emerging Tel Tech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outage and error performance of a radio frequency (RF)\u2010free space optical (FSO) asymmetric two\u2010hop link using project\u2010and\u2010forward relaying protocol is evaluated in this paper. We suggest a multiple\u2010input\u2013multiple\u2010output (MIMO)\u2010RF channel with multiple source and relay antennas for simultaneous transmission over the RF link followed by an FSO channel that supports point\u2010to\u2010point transmission over a single FSO link. Furthermore, the source to relay RF link is modeled by Nakagami\u2010<jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic> fading distribution to represent different channel fading conditions often encountered in various applications, while the FSO channel is affected by atmospheric turbulence characterized by Gamma\u2010Gamma fading, path loss, and misalignment errors. The performance of the system is investigated considering the impact of these parameters. We derive the mathematical expressions that are obtained in closed form for the probability density function and cumulative distribution function of the instantaneous signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio for the Nakagami\u2010<jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic> faded MIMO\u2010RF link in terms of Meijer's G\u2010function. Using the aforementioned statistical results, we derive a novel closed\u2010form expression for the outage probability of the system. We also evaluate the average\u2010bit\u2010error\u2010rate performance for different coherent and noncoherent modulation schemes, and obtain novel mathematical results in closed form for the same.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]],"date-time":"2019-02-21T02:56:52Z","timestamp":1550717812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A novel project\u2010and\u2010forward relay\u2010assisted mixed RF\u2010FSO system design and its performance evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1865-9447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Himanshu","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of EECE The Northcap University  Gurugram India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3295-9764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of EECE The Northcap University  Gurugram India"}]},{"given":"Swaran","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of EECE The Northcap University  Gurugram India"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/79.637317"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/79.841731"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2011.2166063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2014.6894457"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mixed mmWave RF\/FSO relaying systems over generalized fading channels with pointing errors","volume":"9","author":"Trinh PV","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dac.3400"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2006.1633320"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2703125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2014.022314.130762"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"YangS BelfioreJ\u2010C.Diversity of MIMO multihop relay channels \u2010 part I: amplify\u2010and\u2010forward.2007. arXiv:0704.3969."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2016.2514348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2002.806555"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2004.842953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BlandinoS DessetC ChenCM BourdouxA PollinS.Multi\u2010user frequency\u2010selective hybrid MIMO demonstrated using 60 GHz RF modules. 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