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In this article, we are making analytical models to calculate the network packet sojourn time in three different scenarios: classical NFV environment where all NFV elements are on the same location, distributed architecture of the data plane with centralized management and orchestration (MANO) environment, and distributed environment where every location has its own data plane and MANO elements. The analytical models are tested and discussed through Matlab based simulations. Through the simulation results, we discuss the impact of changes of different parameters on the packet sojourn time, and we compare the architectures in order to see how they can be fitted in practical services provided in an NFV environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T11:55:18Z","timestamp":1652788518000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analytical modeling of distributed network functions virtualization architectures and the impact of the distribution on the packet sojourn time"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Gjorgji","family":"Ilievski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cybersecurity Department Makedonski Telekom AD  Skopje Republic of North Macedonia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pero","family":"Latkoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies Ss. 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