{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T19:32:34Z","timestamp":1771011154825,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,14]],"date-time":"2006-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4791,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Chromosomes &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>PRAD1<\/jats:italic> (previously D11S287) is a putative proto\u2010oncogene at 11q13, activated by overexpression through gene rearrangement or gene amplification in several types of human tumors including parathyroid adenomas, centrocytic lymphomas and other B\u2010cell tumors with t(11;14), and breast cancers. <jats:italic>PRAD1<\/jats:italic> (also <jats:italic>CCND1<\/jats:italic>) encodes cyclin D1, which may regulate the G1\u2010S phase transition in the cell cycle. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of the chromosomal <jats:italic>PRAD1<\/jats:italic>\/cyclin D1 gene and the sequence of its promoter region. The gene spans about 15 kb and has 5 exons; its promoter region has Sp 1 binding sites and no obvious TATA box, characteristics of housekeeping genes and growth\u2010regulating genes. Furthermore, an E2F binding motif present close to the major transcription start site may be involved in cell cycle\u2010dependent expression of this gene. We also report the sequence of DNAs spanning joining regions of a reciprocal parathyroid hormone\/<jats:italic>PRAD1<\/jats:italic> gene rearrangement in a parathyroid adenoma. Comparison with normal sequences suggests that the rearrangement was not a simple break\u2010and\u2010ligate event, but rather involved multiple steps, including two microdeletions and a microinversion. Very short sequences conserved near the breakpoints and symmetrical elements in the eventually inverted DNA segment might have played a role in this illegitimate complex recombination, which may have similarities with a constitutional translocation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. \u00a9 1993 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.2870070205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T23:42:12Z","timestamp":1172101332000},"page":"89-95","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["<i>PRAD1<\/i>\/lCyclin D1 proto\u2010oncogene: Genomic organization, 5\u2032 dna sequence, and sequence of a tumor\u2010specific rearrangement breakpoint"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Toru","family":"Motokura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114114"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3629260"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08402.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.13.5044"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/355176a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/14.17.7071"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90215-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90625-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-2-293"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"725","article-title":"Common sequence motifs at the rearrangement sites of a constitutional X\/autosome translocation and associated deletion","volume":"50","author":"Giacalone JP","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9525(87)90155-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"Characterization of intragenic deletions in two sporadic germinal mutation cases of retinoblastoma resulting in abnormal gene expression","volume":"6","author":"Hashimoto T","year":"1991","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90028-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90126-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90044-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00194629"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"439","article-title":"D11S287, a putative oncogene on chromosome 11q13, is amplified and expressed in squamous cell and mammary carcinomas and linked to BCL\u20101","volume":"6","author":"Lammie GA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90042-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.9.2452"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90101-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90404-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(05)80334-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/350512a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)88717-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000133359"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90444-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90445-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90347-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/310327a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Chromosome abnormalities at 11q13 in B cell tumours","volume":"3","author":"Rabbitts PH","year":"1988","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00208924"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"449","article-title":"Rearrangement and overexpression of D11S287E, a candidate oncogene on chromosome 11q13 in benign parathyroid tumors","volume":"6","author":"Rosenberg CL","year":"1991","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.21.9638"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/304181a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"355","article-title":"Identification and cloning of two overexpressed genes, U21B31\/PRAD1 and EMS1, within the amplified chromosome 11q13 region in human carcinomas","volume":"7","author":"Schuuring 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