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In most instances, mutation of one <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> allele is followed by loss of the remaining wild\u2010type allele, resulting in cells with a complete absence of functional wild\u2010type p53 protein. However, in some situations, such as at initiation of spontaneously arising gliomas or as the germline configuration of patients with the Li\u2010Fraumeni syndrome, cells clearly carry both wild\u2010type and mutant <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> alleles. These observations lead to the hypothesis that p53 mutations can give rise to loss of tumor suppressor functions as well as to gain of oncogenic transformation capabilities. In this review, we define the types of mutations that occur in the <jats:italic>p53<\/jats:italic> gene in various glial tumors, contrast that with the spectra described in other human tumor types, and discuss the biochemistry and physiology of the p53 protein and its ability to regulate and be regulated by other gene products. We use this information to propose roles for p53 in the initiation and progression of human gliomas. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440150311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,12]],"date-time":"2005-05-12T18:23:50Z","timestamp":1115922230000},"page":"308-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["The <i>p53<\/i> gene and its role in human brain tumors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Oliver","family":"B\u00f6gler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010J.","family":"Su Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Kleihues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Webster K.","family":"Cavenee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"423","article-title":"The p53 nuclear localisation signal is structurally linked to a p34cdc2 kinase motif","volume":"5","author":"Addison C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Heterogeneity of subcellular localization of p53 protein in human glioblastomas","volume":"54","author":"Ali I. 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