{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T13:05:28Z","timestamp":1776085528646,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":11322,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Patients with cirrhosis have an increased risk of dying from pneumococcal pneumonia. Their immunological response to pneumococcal vaccination is not known. We compared the antibody response to challenge with a 14-valent purified pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in 15 patients with biopsy-proven alcoholic liver cirrhosis, 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Preimmunization levels for Danish type 1 pneumococcal polysaccharide were lower among cirrhotics than patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Four and 12 weeks after immunization, no significant differences were found in antibody concentrations between the three groups. We conclude that patients with alcoholic cirrhosis can produce an adequate antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharide antigen.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,22]],"date-time":"2008-08-22T13:06:35Z","timestamp":1219410395000},"page":"946-949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Pneumococcal Vaccination: The Response of Patients with Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Mauro","family":"Pirovino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Lydick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Grob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Arrenbrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Altorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-60-5-759","article-title":"Pneumococcal pneumonia with especial reference to bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"60","author":"Austrian","year":"1964","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1974.00320210115016","article-title":"Capsular types and outcome of bacteremic pneumococcal disease in the antibiotic era","volume":"134","author":"Mufson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-96-2-203","article-title":"Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Recommendation of the Immunisation Practices Advisory Committee","volume":"96","author":"Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-96-2-206","article-title":"Pennsylvania: Pneumococcal vaccine recommendation","volume":"96","author":"American College of Physicians, Philadelphia,","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-96-2-208","article-title":"Pneumococcal vaccine: clinical efficacy and effectiveness","volume":"96","author":"Schwartz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90014-5","article-title":"Pneumococcal vaccination: the response of patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"96","author":"Lazarus","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V54.5.1171.1171","article-title":"Use and efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine in patients with Hodgkin's disease","volume":"54","author":"Levine","year":"1979","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197808312990903","article-title":"Impaired antibody response to pneumococcal vaccine after treatment for Hodgkin's disease","volume":"299","author":"Siber","year":"1978","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-6-887","article-title":"Response of patients with Hodgkin's disease to pneumococcal vaccine","volume":"90","author":"Minor","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197710272971701","article-title":"Polyvalent pneumococcal-polysaccharide immunization of patients with sickle-cell anemia and patients with splenectomy","volume":"297","author":"Ammann","year":"1977","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92681-7","article-title":"Impaired immune response of splenectomised patients to polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine","volume":"1","author":"Hosea","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198008000-00012","article-title":"Response of renal allograft recipients to pneumococcal vaccine","volume":"192","author":"Silberman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immune response to a 14-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly","volume":"3","author":"Schouten","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pharmatherapeutica"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)91984-X","article-title":"Alcoholic liver disease: morphological manifestations","volume":"1","author":"Review by an international group.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(80)80004-4","article-title":"A radioimmunoassay for immunologic phenomena in pneumococcal disease and for the antibody response to pneumococcal vaccines. 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Method for the radioimmunoassay of anticapsular antibodies and comparison with other techniques","volume":"33","author":"Schiffman","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1970.tb08079.x","article-title":"Tetanus antitoxin production and gamma globulin levels in patients with cirrhosis of the liver","volume":"188","author":"Bj\u00f8rneboe","year":"1970","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195908132610707","article-title":"Immunologic response to tetanus toxoid inoculation in patients with hepatic cirrhosis","volume":"261","author":"Cherrick","year":"1959","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.67.4.347","article-title":"The production of antibody by patients with chronic hepatic disease","volume":"67","author":"Havens","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527-BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198009043031003","article-title":"Pneumococcal disease after pneumococcal vaccination. 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