{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T07:00:45Z","timestamp":1765609245110,"version":"3.30.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":5814,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) may be associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This was studied further in two parts. First, 1,151 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and 181 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis, well matched for age, sex, and severity of cirrhosis, were reviewed retrospectively. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was higher in HCV-related cirrhosis (23.6%) than in HBV-related cirrhosis (9.4%; odds ratio [OR], 2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-4.79; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .0002). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was associated closely with the Child-Pugh score (OR, 3.83; 95% CI, 2.38-6.17; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001) and increasing age (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.03;<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>= .0117). Second, 235 patients with biopsy confirmed chronic HBV or HCV underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Only 1 of 70 patients with chronic viral hepatitis without cirrhosis was diabetic. However, 31 of 127 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis (24.4%) were diabetic compared with 3 of 38 patients with HBV-related cirrhosis (7.9%,<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>= .0477). The major variables associated with NIDDM were cirrhosis (OR, 14.39; 95% CI, 1.91-108;<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>= .0096) and male sex (OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.32-16.18;<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>= .0161). Fasting insulin levels in 30 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus were elevated significantly, which was consistent with insulin resistance. However, acute insulin responsiveness was reduced in all patients with HCV infection and diabetes suggesting concomitant B-cell dysfunction. This study confirms an association between HCV and NIDDM.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,28]],"date-time":"2004-07-28T07:29:13Z","timestamp":1090999753000},"page":"1059-1063","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":290,"title":["Further evidence for an association between non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Caronia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Pagliaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ugo","family":"Palazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juraj","family":"Petrik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"O'Rahilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Shore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian D.","family":"Tom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graeme J. 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