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Quantal parameters estimated by the method of failures and by a computer algorithm that optimized parameter estimates using deconvolution of background noise were highly correlated. EPSP\u2010amplitude histograms of CA3\u2010CA1 cell pairs (N = 10) and minimal electrical stimulation (N = 33) could be adequately described either by Poisson or binomial statistics, or by both, and exhibited similar estimates of unit quantal size (<jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>) and mean quantal content (<jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>). Paired\u2010pulse stimulation with 50 msec between stimuli resulted in an expected facilitation in the EPSP amplitude and increase in <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic> during the second response, as estimated by noise deconvolution, by the decrease in apparent failures, and by a decrease in the coefficient of variation of the EPSP. Tetanization of the Schaffer collaterals that induced long\u2010term enhancement (LTE\/LTP) of the population response was associated with an average increase in <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic> for minimal\u2010stimulation responses, with no significant change in any estimate of <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>. Taken together, these data indicate that, under the present experimental conditions, LTE is expressed as an increase in quantal size, rather than an increase in the number of quanta released per presynaptic impulse. Although this is <jats:italic>not<\/jats:italic> definitive evidence for a postsynaptic mechanism, these findings do further restrict the classes of possible presynaptic mechanisms that may be proposed to account for LTE expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.450010108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:58:03Z","timestamp":1104541083000},"page":"79-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":187,"title":["Long\u2010term enhancement of CA1 synaptic transmission is due to increased quantal size, not quantal content"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"T. C.","family":"Foster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. 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