{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:21:19Z","timestamp":1762078879692},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]],"date-time":"2006-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11721,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010six of 27 African Burkitt lymphomas with histologically confirmed diagnosis contained relatively large amounts of EBV DNA (10\u2013101 viral genomes per cell), as determined by nucleic acid hybridization. Twenty\u2010five of the 26 EBV DNA\u2010positive lymphomas contained the EBV\u2010determined nuclear antigen, EBNA, in the majority of the nuclei. Technical reasons may have accounted for the apparent EBNA\u2010negativity of one EBV DNA\u2010positive biopsy. Four African lymphoma biopsies, one with a definite diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma and three with a questionable diagnosis of the same disease, were all EBV DNA\u2010 and EBNA\u2010negative. The same was true for a collection of Swedish cases of Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic lymphoma, chronic lymphatic leukemia and some other lymphoproliferative malignancies. Thus, there is excellent agreement between the presence of EBV DNA and of EBNA in tumor biopsies. The EBNA antigen test therefore appears a relatively simple way of testing for the presence of the virus genome, provided it is carried out with appropriate controls. Several of the EBV\u2010genome and EBNA\u2010negative cases came from patients with high serum titers of EBV antibodies. It is concluded that the virus does not really travel along with malignant lymphomas as a passenger in the seropositive patients. In comparison with other lymphomas, African Burkitt's lymphoma of the high endemic areas is unique in that the tumors (with rare exceptions) represent the proliferation of an EBV\u2010genome carrying clone. These findings stress the necessity to distinguish between EBV\u2010seropositive status and evidence for EBV\u2010genome\u2010carrying neoplastic cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910130605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,19]],"date-time":"2007-02-19T15:19:41Z","timestamp":1171898381000},"page":"764-772","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":210,"title":["Relationship between Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV) DNA and the EBV\u2010determined nuclear antigen (EBNA) in Burkitt lymphoma biopsies and other lymphoproliferative malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tomas","family":"Lindahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"George","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Beverley M.","family":"Reedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Surjit","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.10.2888"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(72)90519-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Businco L. Rezza E. Giunchi G. andAiuti F. Thymus transplantation: Reconstitution of cellular immunity of a 5 year old patient with T\u2010cell deficiency. Submitted for publication."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(70)91517-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.138.1.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(65)80331-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Epstein Barr virus\u2010related serology in Hodgkin's disease","volume":"36","author":"Henle W.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Nat. Cancer Inst. Monogr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/50.5.1163","article-title":"Patterns of antibodies to Epstein\u2010Barr virus\u2010induced early antigens in Burkitt's lymphoma. Comparison of dying patients with long\u2010term survivors","volume":"50","author":"Henle W.","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. nat. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910080316"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Ann. Symp. on Tumor Immunology","author":"Klein G.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klein G. Lindahl T. Jondahl M. Leibold W. Men\u00e9zes J. Nilsson K. andSundstr\u00f6m C. Continuous lymphoid cell lines with B\u2010cell characteristics that lack the Epstein\u2010Barr virus genome derived from three human lymphomas.Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) in press (1974).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.8.3283"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.129.4.697"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(71)80059-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.12.4.841-846.1973","article-title":"Deoxyribonucleic acid of Marek's disease virus in virus induced tumours","volume":"12","author":"Nazerian K.","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.11.3265"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Nonoyama M. Kawai Y. Huang C. H. andPagano J. S. Epstein\u2010Barr virus DNA in Hodgkin's disease American Burkitt's lymphoma and other human tumors.J. nat. Cancer Inst. in press (1974)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Pagano J. S. Huang C. H. andLevine P. American Burkitt's lymphoma does not contain Epstein\u2010Barr virus DNA.New Engl. J. Med. in press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(73)90164-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910110302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910130604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.12.2.218-225.1973","article-title":"Hydroxyapatite chromatography and formamide denaturation of adenovirus deoxyribonucleic acid","volume":"12","author":"Tibbetts C.","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. 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