{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T08:54:44Z","timestamp":1773478484385,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,16]],"date-time":"2015-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Movember GAP1 and SUWO Organization and Theo Luider"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Extracellular vesicles (including the subclass exosomes) secreted by cells contain specific proteins and RNA that could be of interest in determining new markers. Isolation\/characterization of PCa\u2010derived exosomes from bodily fluids enables us to discover new markers for this disease. Unfortunately, isolation with current techniques (ultracentrifugation) is labor intensive and other techniques are still under development. The goal of our study was to develop a highly sensitive time\u2010resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TR\u2010FIA) for capture\/detection of PCa\u2010derived exosomes. In our assay, biotinylated capture antibodies against human CD9 or CD63 were incubated on streptavidin\u2010coated wells. After application of exosomes, Europium\u2010labeled detection antibodies (CD9 or CD63) were added. Cell medium from 37 cell lines was taken to validate this TR\u2010FIA. Urine was collected (after digital rectal exam) from patients with PCa (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200967), men without PCa (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200976). As a control, urine was collected from men after radical prostatectomy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913), women (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916) and patients with prostate cancer without digital rectal exam (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916). Signal intensities were corrected for urinary PSA and creatinine. This TR\u2010FIA can measure purified exosomes with high sensitivity and minimal background signals. Exosomes can be measured in medium from 37 cell lines and in urine. DRE resulted in a pronounced increase in CD63 signals. After DRE and correction for urinary PSA, CD9 and CD63 were significantly higher in men with PCa. This TR\u2010FIA enabled us to measure exosomes with high sensitivity directly from urine and cell medium. This TR\u2010FIA forms the basis for testing different antibodies directed against exosome membrane markers to generate disease\u2010specific detection assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T15:49:34Z","timestamp":1435765774000},"page":"2869-2878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Immuno\u2010based detection of extracellular vesicles in urine as diagnostic marker for prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Diederick","family":"Duijvesz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"C. Yin L.","family":"Versluis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Christa A.M.","family":"van der Fels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Mirella S.","family":"Vredenbregt\u2010van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Janne","family":"Leivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Technologies and Applications University of Turku Turku Finland"}]},{"given":"Mari T.","family":"Peltola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Technologies and Applications University of Turku Turku Finland"}]},{"given":"Chris H.","family":"Bangma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Kim S.I.","family":"Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Technologies and Applications University of Turku Turku Finland"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Jenster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The 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