{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T11:42:02Z","timestamp":1698147722473},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]],"date-time":"2005-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4706,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Imaging Syst Tech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010calibration of a phased antenna array is required when distortions in the array are not known <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic> and cannot be measured, or when turbulence in the propagation medium perturbs the radiation field. Two types of self\u2010calibration procedures are discussed that have proved successful in experimental high\u2010resolution two\u2010dimensional microwave radar imaging. Each extracts information from the backscattered reradiation field to deduce a compensating weight vector for the phased array antenna. The first depends upon the presence of a strong reflector in the field of view of the transmitter. The second calibrates the array from correlation estimates of wavefront samples in the array. The basic algorithm in each group is described, along with two more sophisticated algorithms in the latter class. Two\u2010dimensional radar images of airplanes are shown with resolution comparable to human vision. The performance of each algorithm and comparisons between them are illustrated by these images of targets and by simulation experiments.\u00a91993 John Wiley &amp; Sons Inc<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ima.1850040407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T22:52:28Z","timestamp":1173135148000},"page":"275-284","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Self\u2010calibration of large phased\u2010array antennas for radar"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Bernard D.","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/126606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.249.4966.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.245.4915.263"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1954.0203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.1981.1142652"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/8.192160"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.64.001200"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","unstructured":"I.Tsao \u201cAn ad hoc approach to the solution of the distorted random array problem \u201d Seminar Valley Forge Research Center The Moore School of Electrical Engineering University of Pennsylvania 11. February1983."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","volume-title":"Microwave Imaging Techniques","author":"Steinberg B. D.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","volume-title":"Microwave Imaging with Large Antenna Arrays","author":"Steinberg B. D.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.16351"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"Principles of Aperture and Array System Design","author":"Steinberg B. D.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.1976.1141399"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"603","article-title":"Self\u2010cohering airborne distributed arrays using the robust minimum variance algorithm","volume":"2","author":"Attia E. H.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE APS URSI Intl. Symp., Phila. PA, Symp. Dig."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/8.45120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.67.001122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/58.105248"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/58.9333"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.BorsariandB. D.Steinberg \u201cA generalized spatial correlation\u2010based algorithm for self\u2010cohering large antenna arrays \u201dProc. IEEE\u2010APS International Symp. Chicago IL July1992.","DOI":"10.1109\/APS.1992.221780"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/120.3.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"335","article-title":"Phased array beamforming by the Parseval's theorem","volume":"1","author":"Tsao J.","year":"1986","journal-title":"IEEE Intl. Antennas Propagation Symp. Dig."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCS.1975.1084118"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image and diffraction plane pictures","volume":"35","author":"Gerchberg R. W.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Optik"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","first-page":"529","article-title":"Space object imaging through the turbulent atmosphere","volume":"18","author":"Feinup J. R.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","first-page":"297","article-title":"Iterative method applied to image reconstruction and to computer\u2010generated holograms","volume":"19","author":"Feinup J. R.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.14.000001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","first-page":"134","article-title":"Phase error correction by shear averaging","volume":"15","author":"Fienup J. 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H.AttiaandK.Abend \u201cAlgorithms for array self\u2010phasing\/self\u2010cohering \u201d lecture notes Naval Weapons Center China Lake CA March1991."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fima.1850040407","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ima.1850040407","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T11:58:10Z","timestamp":1698062290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ima.1850040407"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ima.1850040407"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ima.1850040407","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-9457","1098-1098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-9457","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-1098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}}}