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In general, the image reconstruction problem is simpler because in the absence of noise and with sufficiently many projections and exact solution always exists. However, it is in general impossible by external beam irradiation to produce an arbitrary desired dose distribution in the patient. This is primarily because the order of events from physical collection of projection data to reconstruction theory is reversed in therapy optimization, starting with the theory and ending with physical irradiation, where negative dose delivery is impossible. Despite this fundamental problem, many approximate image reconstruction methods work quite well for therapy optimization even though strict optimization requires radiobiological models and the finest external beam radiation tool available: the pencil beam.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ima.1850060104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T23:08:36Z","timestamp":1173136116000},"page":"6-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Similarities and differences in radiation therapy optimization and tomographic reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Anders","family":"Brahme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.145.2.7134454"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/35\/10\/007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(91)90034-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-03107-0_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"265","volume-title":"Accomplishments in Cancer Research 1991","author":"Brahme A.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02841868709104364"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/37\/4\/004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Inverse radiation therapy planning as a tool for 3D dose optimization","volume":"6","author":"Brahme A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys. 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