{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:43:33Z","timestamp":1761155013281},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]],"date-time":"2005-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3886,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Imaging Syst Tech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical experience in single\u2010dose stereotactic radiotherapy of irregular complex lesions has shown that new developments in optimization procedures were necessary to improve dose distribution, making this conformal technique more efficient. We propose a conformal procedure for stereotactic radiotherapy of complex lesions treated with multiple isocenters based on the associated targets methodology. The successive steps of this conformal procedure are: (a) the determination of the number of subvolumes; (b) the choice of collimator diameters using a dosimetric data basis; (c) the search by the inverse SVD optimizer algorithm for the optimal irradiation space and the minibeam weights for each subvolume using singular value decomposition; (d) the basis of quantitative evaluation criteria for the choice of satisfactory solutions on dose\u2010volume histograms and clinical considerations. The efficiency of the SVD optimizer to planify multi\u2010isocentric treatments was examined in the case of an irregular lesion planified with two isocenters. The condition number of this dual isocentric configuration showed a more ill\u2010conditioned problem than in the monoisocentric case. Examining different reconstructed weighting vectors, we observed that optimal solutions are obtained with the first singular components and an important healthy tissue overdosage occurs when the number of singular components used in the SVD expansion increases. Our SVD optimization approach is a general procedure which can be applied to different radiotherapy techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ima.1850060114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T23:08:36Z","timestamp":1173136116000},"page":"114-123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A general optimization procedure for stereotactic small\u2010beam multi\u2010isocentric radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Lefkopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Levrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bendada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Touboul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"385","article-title":"Hyperselective encephalic irradiation with linear accelerator","volume":"33","author":"Betti O.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(90)90510-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","unstructured":"D.Lefkopoulos J. 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C.Roucayrol \u201cM\u00e9thode g\u00e9n\u00e9rale d' optimisation de la distribution des isodoses en radioth\u00e9rapie par faisceaux de petites dimensions \u201d in Proceedings of International Symposium on: \u201cDosimetry in Radiotherapy \u201d Vienna 31 August\u20134 September 1987 IAEA 1987 pp.365\u2013378."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0042295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(93)90063-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","unstructured":"D.Lefkopoulos P.Grandjean H.Mitsoura M.Levrier E.Touboul andM.Schlienger \u201cA conformal procedure for linac multi\u2010isocentric radiosurgery optimization \u201d in Proceedings of the XIth International Conference on \u201cComputers in Radiation Therapy \u201d XIth ICCR Manchester UK 22\u201324 March 1994 pp.294\u2013295."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","unstructured":"D.Lefkopoulos M.Schlienger E.Touboul T.Hancilar L.Merienne H.Mitsoura andP.Gradjean \u201cQuantitative evaluation of treatment plan for linac multi\u2010isocentric radiosurgery \u201d in Proceedings of the XIth International Conference on \u201cComputers in Radiation Therapy \u201d XIth ICCR Manchester UK 22\u201324 March 1994 pp.296\u2013297."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"The associated targets methodology and the multiisocenters radiosurgery treatment planning system ARTEMIS\u20103D","volume":"81","author":"Lefkopoulos D.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bull. 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