{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:11:29Z","timestamp":1772118689118,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internet Technology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Any data structure used to store information can be considered a database. Blockchain technology, at its core, is no more than a ledger to store information about transactions. In recent years, such technology has gained immense popularity in a wide range of applications. However, scalability and throughput are major challenges of the Blockchain technology since applications and APIs have much lower throughput compared to non\u2010Blockchain ones. Several studies showed that the integration of the NoSQL paradigm along with a Blockchain pipeline enhances the overall throughput and scalability of the system, as well as the possibility of handling both on\u2010chain and off\u2010chain data. The goal of this paper is therefore to study how the advantages of both technologies can be capitalized on to enhance the system capabilities and to finally put forward a novel hybrid architecture that mixes NoSQL and Blockchain characteristics using Deep Learning techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/itl2.604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T01:05:07Z","timestamp":1730768707000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blockchain and\n                    <scp>NoSQL<\/scp>\n                    : Enhancing Throughput via a Deep Learning\u2010Based Hybrid Architecture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0174-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longo","family":"Antonello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}]},{"given":"Di Palma","family":"Antonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}]},{"given":"Casamassima","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0102-2394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiore","family":"Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}]},{"given":"Mongiello","family":"Marina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Bari  Bari Italy"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/blc2.12067"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/itl2.503"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Advancing Secure and Efficient Sensor Data Integration in Smart Cities: A Blockchain\u2010Based Approach","author":"Khan ARS","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-15401-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3296849"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_7_1","first-page":"24","volume-title":"In: 2015 IEEE\/ACM 10th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self\u2010Managing Systems","author":"Mongiello M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2936094"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENG.2018.8638204"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2021.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Nathan C.Govindarajan A.Saraf M.Sethi andP.Jayachandran \u201cBlockchain meets database: Design and Implementation of a Blockchain Relational Database \u201d2019arXiv preprint arXiv:1903.01919.","DOI":"10.14778\/3342263.3342632"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3510397.3510406"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_13_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Bigchaindb: A Scalable Blockchain Database","author":"McConaghy T.","year":"2016","journal-title":"White Paper, BigChainDB"}],"container-title":["Internet Technology Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/itl2.604","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T13:43:51Z","timestamp":1756475031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/itl2.604"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/itl2.604"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/itl2.604","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/ITL2.604\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2476-1508","2476-1508"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2476-1508","type":"print"},{"value":"2476-1508","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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