{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:42:21Z","timestamp":1778740941139,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internet Technology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To support the human\u2010centric goals of Industry 5.0, this paper proposes a modular framework for constructing low\u2010cost, high\u2010efficiency digital humans by combining retrieval\u2010augmented generation (RAG), large language models (LLMs), and AIGC (AI\u2010generated content). The framework enables embodied agents capable of reliable reasoning, contextual alignment, and expressive interaction across industrial environments. As a representative application in Industry 5.0 smart healthcare, we deploy three variants\u2014scripted, LLM\u2010only, and LLM\u2009+\u2009RAG\u2014in a VR\u2010based hospital triage simulation, integrating automatic speech recognition, semantic retrieval, neural speech synthesis, facial animation, and gesture generation. A within\u2010subject user study (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200945) evaluates task accuracy, perceived naturalness, and response latency. Results show that the LLM\u2009+\u2009RAG agent significantly outperforms others in both task success (95.1%) and naturalness rating (4.61\/5), as assessed via expert consensus and standardized Likert\u2010based user ratings. These findings demonstrate that retrieval\u2010enhanced digital humans can combine factual precision, real\u2010time responsiveness, and multimodal expressiveness\u2014key requirements in high\u2010stakes, affect\u2010sensitive domains. While healthcare is the tested use case, the architecture and evaluation protocol offer a reusable foundation for Industry 5.0 applications more broadly, including frontline services, education, and multilingual teleconsultation. The study contributes both a validated design pathway and a repeatable evaluation method for deploying scalable, trustworthy virtual agents in real\u2010world industrial systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/itl2.70190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T17:44:39Z","timestamp":1765561479000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Toward Industry 5.0: Evaluating Multimodal Virtual Human Interaction for Smart Healthcare in Simulated\n                    <scp>VR<\/scp>\n                    Environments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0414-9417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication University of China  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuyu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Second Normal University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2021.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"2219","article-title":"Industry 5.0: Potential applications in COVID\u201019","volume":"49","author":"Javaid M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials Today: 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