{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:53:12Z","timestamp":1774569192703,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internet Technology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This paper presents a particle swarm optimization (PSO)\u2010based approach to enhance node localization accuracy in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Traditional range\u2010based methods such as RSSI suffer from high positioning errors, while conventional DV\u2010Hop algorithms rely on assumptions that often fail under real\u2010world conditions. To overcome these limitations, the proposed method integrates a bounding box technique to constrain the initial search space, along with anticipatory and refinement strategies to address flip ambiguity. Additionally, inter\u2010node distance information, including distances between unknown nodes, is leveraged to further improve localization accuracy. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed PSO\u2010based approach significantly reduces localization error, enhances accuracy and coverage, and lowers variance compared to standard DV\u2010Hop and Improved DV\u2010Hop (IDV\u2010Hop) algorithms. These improvements contribute to more accurate, reliable, and computationally efficient localization in WSNs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/itl2.70226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T14:24:21Z","timestamp":1769783061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Particle Swarm Optimization\u2010Based Approach for Accurate Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Abdullah J.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha'il  Hail Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIEA.2018.8398008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41178-6_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2018.2851675"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3365392"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2022.3200597"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.427-429.2540"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2017.2749762"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10776\u2010018\u20100414\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exsy.13507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.119448"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2023 14th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT)","author":"Rani P.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12065\u2010018\u20100170\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64179\/3080-7549.1005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/IJISP.2020010101"}],"container-title":["Internet Technology Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/itl2.70226","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/itl2.70226","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/itl2.70226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:06:56Z","timestamp":1774566416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/itl2.70226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/itl2.70226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/itl2.70226","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2476-1508","2476-1508"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2476-1508","type":"print"},{"value":"2476-1508","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70226"}}