{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T04:15:44Z","timestamp":1768709744469,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,29]],"date-time":"2004-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1088467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) has a long history as a bioresorbable polymer. Its biocompatibility is widely accepted, yet PGA is often rejected as a soft\u2010tissue scaffold because of fibrous encapsulation. The goal of this study was to improve the soft\u2010tissue biocompatibility of PGA by producing scaffolds composed of small\u2010diameter fibers through electrospinning and subjecting these scaffolds to a concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCL) pretreatment. The theory is that small\u2010diameter fibers will elicit a reduced immune response and HCl treatment will improve cellular interactions. Scaffolds were characterized in terms of fiber diameter and pore area via image\u2010analysis software. Biocompatibility was assessed through a WST\u20101 cell\u2010proliferation assay (<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>) with the use of rat cardiac fibroblasts and rat intramuscular implantations (<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>). Fibers produced ranged in diameter from 0.22 to 0.88 \u03bcm with pore areas from 1.84 to 13.22 \u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. The untreated scaffold composed of 0.88\u2010\u03bcm fibers was encapsulated <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and supported the lowest rates of cell proliferation. On the contrary, the acid pretreated scaffold with 0.22\u2010\u03bcm fibers was incorporated into the surrounding tissue and exhibited proliferation rates that exceeded the control populations on tissue\u2010culture plastic. In conclusion, this study has shown the ability to improve the biocompatibility of PGA through acid pretreatment of scaffolds comprised of submicron fiber diameters. \u00a9 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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