{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T13:05:40Z","timestamp":1785503140980,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computer Assisted Learning"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The BOPPPS instructional model (Bridge\u2010in, Objective, Pre\u2010assessment, Participatory Learning, Post\u2010assessment, Summary) is widely used in higher education to promote structured and student\u2010centred learning. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), educators are increasingly exploring how AI technologies can support teaching and learning within this framework. However, existing research on AI\u2010integrated BOPPPS instruction remains scattered, and a systematic synthesis of current evidence is still lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to systematically review research on the integration of AI technologies into the BOPPPS instructional model in higher education and examine their effects on teaching and learning outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Multiple academic databases were searched for empirical studies published between 2015 and 2025, and studies were screened using predefined inclusion criteria. Forty\u2010six eligible studies were included and analysed to identify the types of AI technologies used, their application across different BOPPPS stages, and their reported educational impacts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review shows a growing body of research, particularly after 2018, integrating technologies such as intelligent tutoring systems, machine learning, virtual and augmented reality, and generative AI into BOPPPS\u2010based teaching. These technologies were reported to support personalised learning, increase student engagement, and facilitate data\u2010informed instruction, leading to improved academic performance, enhanced higher\u2010order thinking skills, and stronger learning motivation. Nevertheless, many studies remain small\u2010scale and quasi\u2010experimental, and challenges related to data privacy, teacher readiness, and equitable access persist. Future research should prioritise large\u2010scale and theory\u2010driven studies to strengthen the evidence base and support effective implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcal.70272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T00:44:12Z","timestamp":1780706652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of Artificial Intelligence in the\n                    <scp>BOPPPS<\/scp>\n                    Model: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7643-1064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangbao","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changlong","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhou","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changzheng","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suyu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Engineering Henan University of Engineering  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1122-3045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Laboratory of Emerging Animal Diseases and One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssaho.2023.100532"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v25i3.7642"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599\u2010025\u201004579\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11165-024-10176-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13070517"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30574\/gscarr.2024.18.2.0062"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"ACE: AI\u2010Assisted Construction of Educational Knowledge Graphs With Prerequisite Relations","volume":"16","author":"Aytekin M. 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