{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T05:50:38Z","timestamp":1760853038711},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,7]],"date-time":"2004-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1094515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3782,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Comput Chem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>By nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the four ring forms of psicose, \u03b1\u2010and \u03b2\u2010pyranose and \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b2\u2010furanose, have almost equal concentrations in aqueous solution. Prediction of this equilibrium by molecular mechanics tests both the balance within the force field and the methods for including the many degrees of freedom in the system. For both the \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b2\u2010furanoses, each of 410 different ring shapes was studied in combination with 3<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> combinations of staggered side\u2010group orientations. Of these, 48 and 57 initial combinations of side\u2010group orientations contributed to the \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b2\u2010furanose energy surfaces. The pyranoses were analyzed in two steps. First, the 38 characteristic ring conformations were optimized with the 6<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> staggered side\u2010group combinations. All combinations that gave the lowest energy at one or more of the 38 shapes (20 combinations for \u03b1\u2010pyranose, 15 for \u03b2\u2010pyranose) were then optimized with 4912 different ring forms. Ring conformations were generated by fixing nonadjacent ring atoms (two for furanose rings, three for pyranoses) at increments of 0.1 \u00c5 from the plane of the remaining three atoms. At a dielectric constant of 4.0, prediction was in fair agreement with the NMR results. Model northern and southern conformers contribute to the furanose equilibrium, and both chairs are important for \u03b1\u2010psicopyranose. \u00a9 1994 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.540150508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,2]],"date-time":"2005-01-02T01:03:52Z","timestamp":1104627832000},"page":"561-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Analysis of the ring\u2010form tautomers of psicose with MM3 (92)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Alfred D.","family":"French","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael K.","family":"Dowd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"27","volume":"185","author":"Siddiqui I. R.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Tobacco\u2010Internat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","unstructured":"M.BlancandJ. M.Parchet Colloq. Sci. Int. 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