{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T01:36:43Z","timestamp":1698370603834},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,7]],"date-time":"2004-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1094515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3568,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Comput Chem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The special\u2010purpose computer GRAPE\u20102A accelerates the calculation of pairwise interactions in many\u2010body systems. This computer is a back\u2010end processor connected to a host computer through a Versa Module Europe (VME) bus. GRAPE\u20102A receives coordinates and other physical data for particles from the host and then calculates the pairwise interactions. The host then integrates an equation of motion by using these interactions. We did molecular dynamics simulations for two systems of liquid water: System 1 (1000 molecules), and System 2 (1728 molecules). The time spent for one step of molecular dynamics was 3.9 s (System l), and 10.2 s (System 2). The larger the molecular system, the higher the performance. The speed of GRAPE\u20102A did not depend on the formula describing the pairwise interaction. The cost performance was about 20 times better than that of the fastest workstations available today, and GRAPE\u20102A cost only $22,000. \u00a9 1994 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.540151207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,2]],"date-time":"2005-01-02T01:00:45Z","timestamp":1104627645000},"page":"1372-1376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Application of a high\u2010performance, special\u2010purpose computer, GRAPE\u20102A, to molecular dynamics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Junichi","family":"Higo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kuniaki","family":"Nagayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tomoyoshi","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Fukushige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Toshikazu","family":"Ebisuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daiichiro","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Miyagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kunihiro","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Junichiro","family":"Makino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.159.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1887\/0852743920","volume-title":"Computer Simulation Using Particles","author":"Hockney R. 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