{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T00:10:03Z","timestamp":1773533403146,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,26]],"date-time":"2007-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parkinson's disease is neuropathologically characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies, whose major component is \u03b1\u2010synuclein. We had previously generated transgenic mice that expressed human \u03b1\u2010synuclein carrying an Ala53Thr point mutation (h\u03b1\u2010syn140m) under the control of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase promoter and found that h\u03b1\u2010syn140m was localized not only in the cytoplasm but also in the nuclei of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. In the present study, we carried out immunohistochemical analysis of the brain of Tg mice using anti\u2010PSer129, an antibody that specifically recognizes \u03b1\u2010synuclein phosphorylated at Ser129. The antibody detected only phosphorylated h\u03b1\u2010syn140m, whereas phosphorylation of endogenous \u03b1\u2010synuclein, if any, was below the detection limit of the method employed. The analysis showed that approximately one\u2010third of the h\u03b1\u2010syn140m\u2010positive neurons in the midbrain of heterozygous Tg mice were concomitantly reactive to anti\u2010PSer129. The ratio almost doubled in homozygotes, indicating that the phosphorylation level depends directly on the amount of substrate. In addition, the ratio did not change at least up to 48 weeks of age. These data strongly suggest that h\u03b1\u2010syn140m underwent constitutive phosphorylation and that the phosphorylation level was maintained to a certain level until the aged stages. Remarkably, h\u03b1\u2010syn140m localized in the nuclei seemed to be preferentially phosphorylated compared with that in the cytoplasm. Among kinases that have been reported to be involved in the phosphorylation of \u03b1\u2010synuclein, the \u03b2 subunit of casein kinase\u20102 was detected in the nuclei by immunohistochemistry. These data imply that at least casein kinase\u20102 is involved in the phosphorylation of h\u03b1\u2010syn140m in the Tg mice. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,26]],"date-time":"2007-04-26T22:22:15Z","timestamp":1177626135000},"page":"1819-1825","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Accumulation of phosphorylated \u03b1\u2010synuclein in dopaminergic neurons of transgenic mice that express human 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