{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T21:02:35Z","timestamp":1694466155447},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11371203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11371203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mathematical Logic Qtrly"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Let <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic> be Polish spaces, <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0001\" \/>, <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0002\" \/>. We say <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic> is universal for \u0393 provided that each <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2010section of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic> is in \u0393 and each element of \u0393 occurs as an <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u2010section of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. An equivalence relation generated by a set <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0003\" \/> is denoted by <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0004.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0004\" \/>, where <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0005.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0005\" \/>. The following results are shown:\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>If <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic> is a <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0006.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0006\" \/> set universal for all nonempty closed subsets of <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>, then <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0007.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0007\" \/> is a <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0008.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0008\" \/> equivalence relation and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0009.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0009\" \/>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>If <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic> is a <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0010.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0010\" \/> set universal for all countable subsets of <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>, then <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0011.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0011\" \/> is a <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0012.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0012\" \/> equivalence relation,\u00a0and\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0013.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0013\" \/> and <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0014.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0014\" \/>;<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>if <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0015.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0015\" \/>, then <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0016.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0016\" \/>;<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>if every <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0017.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0017\" \/> set is Lebesgue measurable or has the Baire property, then <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0018.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0018\" \/>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>for <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0019.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0019\" \/>, if every <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0020.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0020\" \/> set has the Baire property, and <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> is any <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0021.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0021\" \/> equivalence relation, then <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/malq201700066-math-0022.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09425616:media:malq201700066:malq201700066-math-0022\" \/>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/malq.201700066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T08:04:49Z","timestamp":1554883489000},"page":"8-13","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reductions on equivalence relations generated by universal 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9939-1988-0947685-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781584887942"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9947-07-04243-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-4190-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.topol.2012.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","volume-title":"Descriptive Set Theory","author":"Moschovakis Y. 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