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We consider two distinct perspectives: (i) a cyber view of disintermediation where information technology enables data flow from the \u2018field\u2019 and on to the digital doorstep of the general end\u2010user, and (ii) an intermediated view with bidirectional communications where local participants act as mediators within an information environment. Drawing from the literatures of information systems and science studies, we argue that differences in conceptual models have critical implications for users and their working environments. While the cyber view is receiving a lot of attention in current scientific efforts, highlighting the multiplicity of knowledge provinces with their respective worldviews opens up understandings of sociotechnical design processes and of knowledge work. The concept of a range of knowledge provinces enables description of dynamic configurations with shifting boundaries and supports planning for a diversity of arrangements across the digital landscape.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.1450440370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,11]],"date-time":"2009-02-11T18:07:13Z","timestamp":1234375633000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Scientific infrastructure design: Information environments and knowledge provinces"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Karen S.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Millerand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Thick Things: Introduction.","volume":"98","author":"Alder K.","year":"2007","journal-title":"The History of Science Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"Atkins D.et al. 2003. NSF\u2010AP Report: Revolutionizing science and engineering through cyberinfrastructure: Report of the National Science Foundation Blue\u2010Ribbon Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baker K. S. Ribes D. Millerand F.&Bowker G. C.2005. Interoperability strategies scientific infrastructure: research and practice.American Society for Information Systems and Technology Proceedings ASIST 2005.","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.14504201237"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baker K. S.&Millerand F.2007. Articulation work supporting information infrastructure design: coordination categorization and assessment in practice.Proceedings of the 40th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.HICSS40 IEEE Computer Society New Brunswick NJ.","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2007.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"Bowker G. C. Baker K. S. Millerand F.&Ribes D.(forthcoming).Towards information infrastructure studies: ways of knowing in a networked environment. In J. Hunsinger M. Allen L. Klasrup (Eds).International Handbook of Internet Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"Bratteteig T.2003. Making change: dealing with relations between design and use.PhD Thesis University of Oslo."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Social organization and social processes: Essays in Honour of Anselm L. Strauss","author":"Clarke A. E.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"4547","volume-title":"The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology","author":"Clarke A. E.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"Edwards P. N. Jackson S. J. Bowker G. C. &Knobel C.2007. Understanding infrastructure: dynamics tensions and design NSF Report of a Workshop: History and theory of infrastructure: lessons for new scientific cyberinfrastructureshttp:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2027.42\/49353."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fidel R.2006. An ecological approach to the design of information systems.Bulletin of the ASIS&TOct\/Nov 6\u20138.","DOI":"10.1002\/bult.2006.1720330103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Computer systems development: history, organization and implementation","author":"Friedman A. L.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","volume-title":"The Interpretation of cultures.","author":"Geertz C.","year":"1973"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Crisis in the information system field? 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