{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T12:53:51Z","timestamp":1778763231708,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,3]],"date-time":"2011-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":94,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc of Assoc for Info"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Large volumes of textual data pose considerable challenges for manual qualitative analysis. We explore semi\u2010automatic coding of textual data by leveraging Natural Language Processing (NLP). We compare the performance of human\u2010developed NLP rules to those inferred by machine learning (ML) algorithms. The results suggest that NLP with ML may be useful to support researchers coding qualitative data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.14504701328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,3]],"date-time":"2011-02-03T16:35:46Z","timestamp":1296750946000},"page":"1-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Machine learning and rule\u2010based automated coding of qualitative data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Kevin","family":"Crowston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eileen E.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"An introduction to information extraction","volume":"12","author":"Appelt D.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/234173.234209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Research Memorandum CS\u201399\u201307","author":"Cunningham H.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u00f6nmez P. Ros\u00e9 C. Stegmann K. Weinberger A. &Fischer F.(2005).Supporting CSCL with automatic corpus analysis technology. InProceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning (CSCL).","DOI":"10.3115\/1149293.1149310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116827"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"The Origins of Virtue: Human Instincts and the Evolution of Cooperation","author":"Ridley M.","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmeet.14504701328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmeet.14504701328","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/meet.14504701328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:53:27Z","timestamp":1760972007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/meet.14504701328"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/meet.14504701328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/meet.14504701328","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0044-7870","1550-8390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0044-7870","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-8390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]}}}