{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T12:26:14Z","timestamp":1770726374255,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]],"date-time":"2005-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1131062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A novel, two\u2010dimensional, <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic>\u2010resolved chemical\u2010shift imaging sequence was used to collect \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA) spectroscopic imaging data on six healthy subjects at 4\u2009T. Using image segmentation and a linear\u2010regression analysis relating brain GABA level to tissue\u2010type, a consistent and significant (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) elevation of mean GABA levels was measured in the cortical grey matter (0.96\u2009\u00b1\u20090.24\u2009mm) compared with white matter (0.44\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16\u2009mm) across all six subjects. The results suggest an approximately two\u2010fold elevation of GABA levels in cortical grey matter compared with white matter <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Our findings are consistent with <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> studies in the literature of both animal and human brain and demonstrate the significant potential of this technique for detecting and quantifying tissue\u2010specific neurochemical pathology <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Copyright \u00a9 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]],"date-time":"2005-11-16T10:19:46Z","timestamp":1132136386000},"page":"570-576","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Grey and white matter GABA level differences in the human brain using two\u2010dimensional, <i>J<\/i>\u2010resolved spectroscopic imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"J. Eric","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Blaise","family":"deB. Frederick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Perry F.","family":"Renshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.6.556"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000086903.69738.DC"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of GABA in neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"64","author":"Chang L","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb04850.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.9.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910400305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910360106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.5.450"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.12.5662"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910390103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910360319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910370312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmre.2001.2371"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(00)00075-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"In vivo detection of gray and white matter differences in GABA concentration in the human brain using chemical shift imaging of GABA","volume":"11","author":"Choi I\u2010Y","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Int. Soc. Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"349","article-title":"SLIM\u2010based multiple quantum chemical shift imaging for the measurement of GABA in the human brain in vivo","volume":"13","author":"Lee S\u2010P","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Int. Soc. Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199901)41:1<35::AID-MRM7>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20644"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1993.tb05666.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910360103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1119"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.6.1513"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.207.1.9530304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200103)45:3<513::AID-MRM1067>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1995.1068"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(95)00031-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1996.0163"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1994.1058"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.776"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910300604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.698"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1995.1059"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910320504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910300405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.187.1.8451417"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910320304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1492(200005)13:3<129::AID-NBM619>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20166"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199901)41:1<8::AID-MRM3>3.0.CO;2-D"}],"container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnbm.994","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nbm.994","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T12:49:04Z","timestamp":1760964544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nbm.994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nbm.994"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nbm.994","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-3480","1099-1492"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0952-3480","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1492","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]}}}