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The first phase of analysis consists of a generalized network approximation to achieve an efficient initial solution. The second phase involves an interchange heuristic that reduces distribution costs by solving a surrogate traveling salesman problem. The third phase consists of an interchange heuristic that further reduces the distribution costs by addressing the actual vehicle routes of the period routing problem. A fourth phase utilizes a 0\u20131 integer model to attempt further improvements. Computational results on test problems indicate that the multiphase approach yields improvements over previous best solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/net.3230210704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,12]],"date-time":"2007-05-12T11:49:55Z","timestamp":1178970595000},"page":"747-765","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["A multiphase approach to the period routing problem"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Russell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dave","family":"Gribbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"A.Assad B.Golden R.Dahl andM.Dror Design of an inventory\/routing system for a large propane distribution firm(C. Gooding Ed.) 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