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In this article we analyse the data from a survey about researchers' use of 107 online actions that underlie potential altmetrics to discover whether certain types of altmetrics (1) better reflect the judgments of researchers from certain career stages and (2) more reliably capture positive judgments than others. We apply variance analyses to reveal significant differences between the frequencies with which early\u2010stage researchers and professors perform various actions whose occurrences are counted as impact metrics (e.g., downloading, liking, or sharing of scientific publications). The findings imply varying degrees of representation of these groups in respective altmetrics. Moreover, by investigating how commonly various types of actions are used to express positive judgments, we disclose how reliably metrics can be used as proxies for positive impact. Our findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the meaning of different web\u2010based metrics for scholarly impact and provide a basis for evidence\u2010based guidelines on how to use and interpret them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pra2.2018.14505501031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T16:52:19Z","timestamp":1549039939000},"page":"282-289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Are there different types of online research impact?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Steffen","family":"Lemke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ZBW \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Economics Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mehrazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZBW \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Economics Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Mazarakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kiel University Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZBW \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Economics Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Altmetric.com. 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