{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T17:56:39Z","timestamp":1773770199474,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11962021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11962021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Quality &amp; Reliability Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non\u2010destructive health monitoring is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of large wind turbine blades. This requires advanced sensor placement algorithms to monitor their structural behavior effectively. Existing optimization techniques often cause measurement points to cluster locally. This results in redundancy and complicates sensor placement and damage localization. This study partitions the blade surface using the k\u2010means clustering algorithm and calculates regional weights with the modal kinetic energy method to optimize the sensor distribution. It further optimizes sensor placement within each region by maximizing Fisher information matrix values through the effective independence method. The sensor placement strategy developed in this study offers a robust framework for non\u2010destructive monitoring of large wind turbine blades. Simulation results validate its ability to prevent the clustering of measurement points, minimize redundant information, and maximize the utilization of modal information under limited sensor resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.3795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T03:56:13Z","timestamp":1745898973000},"page":"2576-2586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimized Placement of Sensors on Large Wind Turbine Blades Based on Weighted Partition and Effective Independence Method"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Shaoheng","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5363-5670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haibin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changchun","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aviation College Inner Mongolia University of Technology  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shufeng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hexi","family":"Baoyin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology  Hohhot China"},{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"High Energy Efficient Independent Method for Optimal Sensor Placement","volume":"43","author":"Hongmei S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vibration4030033"},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"An Improved Effective Independent Method Based on Multi Energy Parameters for Optimal Sensor Placement","volume":"39","author":"Hengcheng F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"Research on Optimal Sensor Placement Methods for Structure Health Monitoring","volume":"27","author":"Ziyan W.u","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Zhengzhou University (Engineering Science)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:12(1384)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2005.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stc.3021"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Distance Coefficient\u2010Fisher Information Criterion for Optimal Sensor Placement","volume":"12","author":"Xiaoyuan D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/jonamp.v9i1.40067"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Optimal Placement of Sensors for a Bridge Structure Based on Energy Coefficient\u2010Effective Independence Method","volume":"29","author":"Yang Y.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Shock"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Improved Optimal Sensor Placement Methods Based on Effective Independence","volume":"32","author":"Liu W.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2018.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.MaivizhiandP.Yogesh \u201cSpatial Correlation Based Data Redundancy Elimination for Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks \u201d in2020 International Conference on Innovative Trends in Information Technology (ICITIIT)(Kottayam India IEEE 2020) 1\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICITIIT49094.2020.9071535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marstruc.2020.102729"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Thermal Power Plants","author":"Szczepanik R.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en14185974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W.ContrerasandSZiavras \u201cEfficient Infrastructure Damage Detection and Localization Using Wireless Sensor Networks With Cluster Generation for Monitoring Damage Progression \u201d in2017 IEEE 8th Annual Ubiquitous Computing Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)(New York NY USA IEEE 2017) 173\u2013178.","DOI":"10.1109\/UEMCON.2017.8249020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2023.3272668"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2024.110225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2020.107159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2020.107261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2018.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-019-03247-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07408170601091907"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/3.20635"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.J053503"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2004.06.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"Optimal Sensor Placement and Parameter Identification of Space Solar Power Station Based on MAC Method","volume":"39","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Shenyang Aerospace Ace University"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2014.0410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mssp.2001.1400"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","volume-title":"Research on Damage Identification Method of Steel Structures Using Hybrid Method","author":"Tan F.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2018.07.034"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","first-page":"82","article-title":"Advances and Prospects for Optimal Sensor Placement of Structural Health Monitoring","volume":"39","author":"Chen Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F.FuscoandJ. CVillumsen \u201cSensor Placement for Optimal Estimation in Power Distribution Grids \u201d in2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)(Washington DC USA IEEE 2015) 1\u20135.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISGT.2015.7131847"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stc.1513"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Optimal Sensor Placement for Large Space Structures Based on Distance Coefficient\u2010effective Independence Method","volume":"32","author":"He L.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","first-page":"1593","article-title":"Mode Shape Expansion From Data\u2010based System Identification Procedures","volume":"25","author":"Miguel L. F. F.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mec\u00e1nica Computacional"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","volume-title":"Measuring Precision of Statistical Inference on Partially Identified Parameters","author":"Tetenov A.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Das J. C.Spall andR.Ghanem \u201cEfficient Monte Carlo Computation of Fisher Information Matrix Using Prior Information \u201dinComputational Statistics & Data Analysis(Washington DC USA Association for Computing Machinery 2007):242\u2013249.","DOI":"10.1145\/1660877.1660912"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Demystifying Fisher Information: What Observation Data Reveal About Our Models","author":"Schenk J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Groundwater"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.09.551"}],"container-title":["Quality and Reliability Engineering International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/qre.3795","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/qre.3795","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/qre.3795","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T16:18:23Z","timestamp":1771345103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/qre.3795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/qre.3795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/qre.3795","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0748-8017","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1638","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}