{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T11:09:42Z","timestamp":1771067382199,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52475535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52475535"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Quality &amp; Reliability Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The intelligent spindle is the core development direction of the spindle in the future. Liquid injection on\u2010line dynamic balancing technology is a significant technical approach to realize the unbalancing vibration control of the spindle with high accuracy and reliability. In view of the low control accuracy and control stability of balancing caused by the chamber of the existing liquid injection balancing terminal, considered the complex state of oil and gas flow in the balancing terminal under the condition of high speed rotation. Then a three dimensional numerical simulation of fluid state of flow passing through the balancing terminal chamber is built by FLUENT. After comparing the synthetic centrifugal force, turbulence and the distribution of liquid in different cavities, the shape of the balancing terminal chamber is determined. 3.5\u00a0mm is selected as the wall thickness on main stress surface of the outer wall of the chamber, and the minimum wall thickness of the rest is 2.5\u00a0mm, which realizes the lightweight design of the balancing terminal. Under these conditions, a new type of integrated injection terminal is designed and manufactured by 3D printing (Three Dimension Printing) technology. At last, a proper online balancing strategy was processed, and the experimental results of the balancing terminal on the high\u2010speed intelligent spindle vibration monitoring and balancing active control test bench were compared. The maximum unbalancing vibration decline rate of pre\u2010 and post\u2010optimization balancing terminal reached 81.8%, and the post\u2010optimization balancing terminal even reached 97.1%. The experimental results show that the precision and stability of the optimized system are greatly improved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.70104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T19:12:56Z","timestamp":1762283576000},"page":"876-893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization and Experimental Study of Intelligent Spindle Liquid Integrated Balancing Terminal"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7275-8302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory For Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3776-8262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xialun","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory For Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avic Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avic Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shijue","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory For Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2016.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.287\u2010290.2906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1243\/JMES_JOUR_1964_006_039_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Schmitt Industries.Schmitt Dynamic Balancing Systems [EB\/OL] http:\/\/www.grindingcontrol.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2005.07.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsv.2014.04.017"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Adaptive Rotor Balancing Algorithm and Single\u2010Disk Rotation Test for Electromagnetic Balancer","volume":"52","author":"Fan H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Hofmann. Ring Balancer AB 9000 [EB\/OL]. (2016\u201004\u201025) http:\/\/www.hofmann\u2010balancing.co.uk\/products\/active\u2010balancing\u2010systems\/ring\u2010balancingr\u2010ab\u20109000.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"D.Hofmann Apparatus for Compensating for Unbalancing of a Rotary Body. USA: 4050195 1977\u201009\u201027."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"D.BirkenstackandO.Jager Multi\u2010Chambered Fluid Balancing Apparatus. USA: 3950897 1976\u201004\u201020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","article-title":"A Study of Hydro\u2010Balancing System for Grinding Wheel and Its Preciseness","author":"Li X.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chinese Academy of Sciences for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"326","article-title":"Study on Radial Online Liquid Equilibrator for the Grinding Wheel","volume":"25","author":"Li X.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Armamentarii"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Design and Performance Analysis of Hydrojet\u2010Typed Balancing Device for High\u2010Speed Machine Tool Spindle","volume":"47","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"418","article-title":"Study of Liquid Release Auto\u2010Balancing Head","volume":"35","author":"He S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4037955"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.GaoandP.Zhang \u201cSimulative Study of Automatic Balancing of Grinding Wheel Using a Continuously\u2010Dripping Liquid\u2010Injection Balancing Head \u201d inThe Six World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation(IEEE Press 2006) 8002\u20138005.","DOI":"10.1109\/WCICA.2006.1713530"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"J. H.Kerlin Unbalancing Compensator. USA: 4432253 1984\u201002\u201021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"R. E.SteereJr.andT.Lewandowski Balancing Rotary Saw Assembly and a Method of Balancing the Same. USA: 4537177 1985\u201008\u201027."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","article-title":"New Liquid Transfer Active Balancing System Using Compressed Air for Grinding Machine","volume":"137","author":"Pan X.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Acoustics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"F. A.Magnotti R. T.Lagrotta M. A.Turbiak et al. Liquid\u2010Chamber Apparatus for Active Dynamic Balancing of Rotating Machinery. USA: 5490436 1996\u201002\u201013."},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Design and Experiment Research of Spray Type Integrated Balancing Device","volume":"38","author":"Yun X.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Vibration and Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2493\/jjspe.75.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4040675"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"1022","article-title":"Study on Oil Gas Two Phase Flow in High Speed Bearing With Jet Lubrication","volume":"32","author":"Guo K.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Beijing University of Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr7100701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11630-018-1057-5"}],"container-title":["Quality and Reliability Engineering International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/qre.70104","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/qre.70104","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/qre.70104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T10:19:05Z","timestamp":1771064345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/qre.70104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/qre.70104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/qre.70104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0748-8017","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1638","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}