{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T06:41:11Z","timestamp":1698043271286},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]],"date-time":"2007-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5924,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems &amp; Computers in Japan"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A facial motion image synthesis method for intelligent man\u2010machine interface is examined. Here, the intelligent man\u2010machine interface is a kind of friendly man\u2010machine interface with voices and pictures in which human faces appear on a screen and answer questions, compared to the currently existing user interfaces which primarily uses letters. Thus what appears on the screen is human faces, and if speech mannerisms and facial expressions are natural, then the interactions with the machine are similar to those with actual human beings.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To implement such an intelligent man\u2010machine interface it is necessary to synthesize natural facial expressions on the screen. This paper investigates a method to synthesize facial motion images based on given information on text and emotion. The proposed method utilizes the analysis\u2010synthesis image coding method. It constructs facial images by assigning intensity data to the parameters of a 3\u2010dimensional (3\u2010D) model matching the person in question. Moreover, it synthesizes facial expressions by modifying the 3\u2010D model according to the predetermined set of rules based on the input phonemes and emotion, and also synthesizes reasonably natural facial images.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.4690220506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,7]],"date-time":"2007-07-07T20:51:34Z","timestamp":1183841494000},"page":"50-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A facial motion synthesis for intelligent man\u2010machine interface"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Shigeo","family":"Morishima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shin'Ichi","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Harashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"HiroshiHarashima HiroyukiMorikawa andYukiyoAoki.Coding processing and display of images using a 3\u2010D structure model.1989I.E.C.E. Spring National Conference SD\u20103\u201012."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"771","volume":"87","author":"Aizawa Kiyoharu","year":"1987","journal-title":"An analysis\u2010synthesis coding method for facial images"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","unstructured":"KazuhikoMukai ShigeoMorishima KiyoharuAizawa andHiroshiHarashima.A model\u2010based rule synthesis of mouth images 1988I.E.C.E. Spring National Conference D\u2010101."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","unstructured":"KatsumiKaneko ShigeoMorishima KiyoharuAizawa andHiroshiHarashima.A model based analaysis\u2010synthesis of mouth images.1988I.E.C.E. Spring National Conference D\u2010102."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","unstructured":"ShigeoMorishima KiyoharuAizawa andHiroshiHarashima.An intelligent man\u2010machine interface using intelligent image coding of facial expressions.1988I.E.C.E. Fall National Conference SD\u20101\u20135."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"5","volume":"87","author":"Morishima Shigeo","year":"1987","journal-title":"A method of intelligent interactive coding of image and voice"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"5","volume":"88","author":"Morishima Shigeo","year":"1988","journal-title":"An investigation of intelligent interactive coding of image and voice"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"4.4","volume":"88","author":"Morishima S.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Model\u2010based facial image coding controlled by the speech parameter."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","volume":"89","author":"Morishima S.","year":"1989","journal-title":"An intelligent facial image coding driven by speech and phonome."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"KiyoharuAizawa HiroshiHarashima andTakahiroSaito.An analysis\u2010synthesis coding method of image using a structural model. I.E.C.E. Trans. (B\u2010I) pp.200\u2013207(1989)."},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"2167","article-title":"A dynamic image program for speech understanding training of hearing impaired people","volume":"70","author":"Matsuoka Kiyotoshi","year":"1987","journal-title":"I.E.C.E. Trans."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1250\/ast.3.75"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","volume":"88","author":"Sai Shoseki","year":"1988","journal-title":"A layered model for expression and an attempt for structurally describing it"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","volume-title":"Introduction to Analysis of Expressions","author":"Eckman P.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/37402.37405"}],"container-title":["Systems and Computers in Japan"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fscj.4690220506","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/scj.4690220506","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T01:35:13Z","timestamp":1698024913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/scj.4690220506"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/scj.4690220506"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/scj.4690220506","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-1666","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-684X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}}}