{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T05:51:02Z","timestamp":1698213062806},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]],"date-time":"2007-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5558,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems &amp;amp; Computers in Japan"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been studied intensively in recent years. In FES, the muscle or nerve of the tetraplegic patient with damage in the central nervous system is stimulated electrically to contract the muscle, aiming at the restoration of the lost function. When the closed\u2010loop control is employed in FES to control the two joints of the knee and the ankle simultaneously, the inertia arising from the movement of the upper (knee) joint, operates as an external disturbance to the lower (ankle) joint, and deteriorates its transient response. As a result, it is required to construct a control system with a high suppression ability for the external disturbance.<\/jats:p><jats:p>It is noted in this study that the stiffness of the human joint, i.e., the difficulty to move (mechanical impedance), is one of the factors which determines the motion of the joint, and the external disturbance affects the motion less if the difficulty to move is enhanced.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Further, it is noted that the mechanical impedance of the joint is increased when the tension of the antagonist muscle is increased. Then a method is devised in which the mechanical impedance of the joint is adjusted by controlling the tension of the antagonist muscle in parallel to the control of the joint angle by the agonist muscle.<\/jats:p><jats:p>By increasing the mechanical impedance of the joint using this method, a system can be constructed which suppresses the effect of the external disturbance from the motion of the other joint. The proposed system is applied to the control of the ankle joint, and it is shown that the effect of the knee joint movement is suppressed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.4690230706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,7]],"date-time":"2007-07-07T23:48:26Z","timestamp":1183852106000},"page":"56-65","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Disturbance suppression on two joints controller using FES with antagonist muscle stiffness control"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kimito","family":"Kubo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Naoaki","family":"Itakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Iguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Haruyuki","family":"Minamitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kinya","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"406","article-title":"Present status and perspectives of functional electrical stimulation (FES)","volume":"31","author":"Hoshimiya N.","year":"1987","journal-title":"System & Contr."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Control of paralyzed upper and lower extremities by functional electrical stimulation (FES)","volume":"24","author":"Handa Y.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Med. Elect. Biol. Eng."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"1651","article-title":"A human ankle joint control system with a goal filter and muscle electrical stimulation","volume":"70","author":"Fujita K.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Trans. (D) I.E.I.C.E., Japan"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"1543","article-title":"Evaluation of stability of muscle tension control system by electrical stimulation","volume":"72","author":"Itakura N.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trans. (D\u2010II) I.E.I.C.E., Japan"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"2692","article-title":"Joint angle control by functional electrical stimulation using model\u2010normative adaptive controller","volume":"71","author":"Fujita K.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trans. (D) I.E.I.C.E., Japan"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"2197","article-title":"Ankle and knee two\u2010joint closed\u2010loop control by functional electrical stimulation","volume":"71","author":"Kubo K.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trans. (D) I.E.I.C.E., Japan"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"131","article-title":"Mechanism of muscle motion control","volume":"25","author":"Ito H.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Meas. & Contr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","unstructured":"K.Park H.HashimotoandK.Akazawa.Analysis of mechanical impedance adjustment mechanism in human skeleton muscle. 11th Biomechanism symposium pp.129\u2013140(1989)."},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"2474","article-title":"Estimation of gastrocnemius contraction by functional electrical stimulation","volume":"71","author":"Kubo K.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trans. (D) I.E.I.C.E., Japan"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"Y.Handa N.Hoshimiya Y.IguchiandT.Oda.Percutaneous electrode for restoration of upper extremity function by FES. Proc. 9th Ann. Conf. IEEE\/EMBS 1 pp.1374\u20131375(1987)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","unstructured":"N.Hoshimiya K.Iijima R.Futami Y.HandaandM.Ichie.A new FES system for the paralyzed upper extremities. Proc. 7th Ann. Conf. IEEE\/EMBS pp.327\u2013330(1985)."}],"container-title":["Systems and Computers in Japan"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fscj.4690230706","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/scj.4690230706","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T03:25:18Z","timestamp":1698117918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/scj.4690230706"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/scj.4690230706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/scj.4690230706","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-1666","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-684X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}}}