{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:58:24Z","timestamp":1761058704729},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]],"date-time":"2007-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4827,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems &amp; Computers in Japan"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>One of the most important steps in image processing for chest x\u2010ray images is the enhancement and extraction of abnormal shadows existing in the lung field. The authors have developed an automated screening system AISCR\u2010V3 for chest x\u2010ray images. The filter used in this system for enhancing abnormal shadows, however, does not have sufficient performance from the viewpoint of the suppression of the false\u2010positive and the false\u2010negative.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This paper presents a new filter developed for enhancement of abnormal shadows. This filter, called the Min\u2010DD filter, is a combination of second\u2010order difference filters with variable directions through minimum\u2010value operation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In this paper, problems in the previous filters for enhancement of abnormal shadows are pointed out first, and then the Min\u2010DD filter is defined. The performance of the filter is evaluated using the artificial shadows and the actual chest x\u2010ray images and it is shown that the new filter has a higher performance than the previous ones.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Assuming that the size, SN ratio and the accuracy of extraction (error probability) of abnormal shadows are specified, the best radius of the filter is derived, providing a design guide for the filter. Furthermore, the improvement of the performance in false\u2010positive suppression and the expansion of the filter function are reported.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.4690250206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,8]],"date-time":"2007-07-08T01:48:16Z","timestamp":1183859296000},"page":"56-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characteristics of minimum directional difference filter which extracts circumscribed shadows in chest X\u2010ray images"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Akinobu","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Ichiro","family":"Toriwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Ichi","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"220","volume":"8","author":"Toriwaki J.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Simulation of the automatic interpolation system for chest X\u2010ray films. Jour Med. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"518","volume":"22","author":"Hall E. L.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Computer classification of pneumoconiosis from radiographs of coal workers. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"17","volume":"10","author":"Suzuki H.","year":"1992","journal-title":"A computer\u2010aided system for lung nodule detection on chest x\u2010ray images. Med. Imag. Tech."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Software system AISCR\u2010V3 for automated screening of chest photofluorograms. Trans.(D) I.E.I.C.E.","volume":"66","author":"Hasegawa J.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Japan"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"1857","article-title":"Automated classification of pneumoconiosis radiographs based on recognition of small rounded opacities","volume":"72","author":"Chen X.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trans.(D\u2010II) I.E.I.C.E., Japan"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"23","volume":"20","author":"Kobatake H.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Automatic diagnosis of pneumoconiosis by chest x\u2010ray pictures. Jour. Med. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"Toriwaki J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Computer\u2010aided diagnosis of x\u2010ray images\u2014Historical review and state of the art. Med. Image. Tech."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"663","article-title":"Detection method of malignant tumors in DR images\u2014Iris filter. Trans.(D\u2010II) I.E.I.C.E.","volume":"75","author":"Matsumoto K.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Japan"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"119","article-title":"Fundamental study of difference linear filters for processing of continuous\u2010tone pictures. Trans.(D) I.E.I.C.E.","volume":"57","author":"Suenaga Y.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Japan"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"A.Shimizu H.Suzuki J.HasegawaandJ.Toriwaki. Performance evaluation of AICSR\u2010V3 (Automated Interpretation System of Chest Radiograms\u2010Version 3) applied to the high\u2010voltage radiography images. Spr. Nat. Conv. I.E.I.C.E. Japan pp.7\u2013288(1990)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","unstructured":"A.Shimizu H.Suzuki J.HasegawaandJ.Toriwaki.Improvement of filter for extraction of abnormal shadow in chest photofluorograms. Joint Conv. Elect. Inst. Tokai Chap. 658 (1990)."}],"container-title":["Systems and Computers in Japan"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fscj.4690250206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/scj.4690250206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T05:28:25Z","timestamp":1698211705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/scj.4690250206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/scj.4690250206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/scj.4690250206","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-1666","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-684X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}}}