{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T05:40:31Z","timestamp":1698385231902},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]],"date-time":"2007-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4462,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems &amp;amp; Computers in Japan"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper addresses the problem of motion artifact cancellation in the standard 2D\u2010FFT MRI. Although motion is possible in any direction, in clinical MRI diagnosis, respiration is considered to be the main cause of motion. As a first order of approximation, motion due to respiration is assumed to be only in the phase\u2010encoding direction (Y\u2010axis) in this paper. In the previous approach, the region of a target object is assumed to be known and an iterative procedure is required. The problem of the algorithm is the convergence of the iterative (which may take a lot of time) and still has no guarantee of convergence. To avoid an iterative procedure, a new constraint is proposed here, with which the motion component and the true image component can be separated by a simple algebraic operation. After the Fourier transform of MRI signal along the read\u2010out direction (<jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\u2010direction), the phase of the spectrum along <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>\u2010axis is expressed as an algebraic sum of the motion component and the true image component. On the other hand, when density distribution is symmetric along a Y\u2010direction line, such as a slice line on subcutaneous fat, the phase of the Fourier spectrum along the line is a linear function of <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>\u2010position. Therefore, if the density is symmetric, the departure from the linear function of the phase is just the motion component. With this constraint the motion component can be estimated and the motion artifact in MRI can be canceled. The algorithm is shown to be effective using a phantom with simulated motions in various cases. When the density distribution along the <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>\u2010directional line on subcutaneous fat is not perfectly symmetric, the accuracy of estimated motion will be affected to some extent. However, this method is shown to be still effective in such general case by simulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.4690260108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,8]],"date-time":"2007-07-08T03:19:06Z","timestamp":1183864746000},"page":"88-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Artifact cancellation in MRI due to phase encoding axis motion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muneki","family":"Ohya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koushi","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kozuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"30","volume-title":"MRI and MRS in the heart and macrovessels","author":"Nishimura W.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. M.HaackeandG. W.Lenz.Improving MRI image quality in the presence of motion by using rephasing gradients.AJR 148 pp.1252\u20131258(1987).","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.6.1251"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.57770"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"318","article-title":"MR image artifacts from periodic motion","volume":"12","author":"Wood M. L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Med Phys."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(86)91046-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198507010-00039"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.57769"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.141647"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.56343"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.75609"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.108589"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"115","volume-title":"Medical imaging diagnosis devices","author":"Iwai K.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","unstructured":"L.Tang M.Ohya Y.Sato S.Tamura H.Naito K.HarataandT.Kozuka.Cancellation of the 2\u2010D body motion in MRI.Technical Report of Japan Information Processing Association PRU93\u20102 (1993)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Data Transmission and Computer Network","author":"Tamura S.","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Systems and Computers in Japan"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fscj.4690260108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/scj.4690260108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T05:10:18Z","timestamp":1698297018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/scj.4690260108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/scj.4690260108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/scj.4690260108","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-1666","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-684X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]}}}