{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T05:40:34Z","timestamp":1698385234340},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]],"date-time":"2007-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4463,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems &amp;amp; Computers in Japan"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>No animation method has ben established which makes flexible and pliant the walk of an animal keeping a balance of its body parts with joints. This paper proposes a computer graphic model of a quadruped animal (e.g., a dog) which walks and runs naturally and autonomously. The model is based on: (1) calculation of shift of the position of the animal over frames using \u201cspeed function\u201d; (2) balancing the motions of four legs and the vertebra with their joints. The speed is obtained from analyses of actual animal motions. A smooth natural action of the animal over frames is achieved by allocating the speed function to spatial shifts of the body and its joints. To obtain a real time operation, \u201ckinematic control\u201d is used, ensuring smooth motions as in a \u201cdynamic control.\u201d Motions of an animal body in an image are controlled by specifying the path and speed of the body. The effect of the proposed model has been evaluated successfully by experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.4690260409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,14]],"date-time":"2007-11-14T12:18:45Z","timestamp":1195042725000},"page":"84-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Computer graphic model of walking quadruped animal"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hironori","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Muraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"H.Mizuno M.TabuchiandY.Muraoka.Walks of quadruped animal (dog) on CG. Papers of the 44th National Conference of Institute of Information Processing Japan (1992)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","unstructured":"H.Mizuno M.TabuchiandY.Muraoka.Method of animating structural action of quadruped animal Graphics and CAD CG Symposium Japan (1992)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","unstructured":"H.Mizuno M.TabuchiandY.Muraoka.Path and walk of quadruped animal (dog). The Papers of the 45th National Conference of Institute of Information Processing Japan (1992)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","unstructured":"H.MizunoandY.Muraoka.Method of representing a smooth walk of quadruped animal based on amount of movement. The papers of the 46th National Conference of Institute of Information Processing Japan (1993)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"28","volume-title":"Articulated Figure Positioning by Multiple Constraints","author":"Badler N. I.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Goal\u2010Directed Dynamic Animation of Human Walking","author":"Bruderlin A.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Girard.Interactive Design of 3D Computer\u2010Animated Legged Animal Motion.IEEE CG&Application pp.39\u201351(June1987).","DOI":"10.1109\/MCG.1987.276895"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-68186-1_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","unstructured":"M.UnumaandR.Takeuchi.Method of animating human's actions for GC. Papers of the 6th NICOGRAPH Paper Contest pp.136\u2013143(1990)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"Y.Uda F.Kimura N.TsuruokaandY.Miyake.Examination of object seeking model in representation of human's actions. Papers of the 6th NICOGRAPH Paper Contest pp.127\u2013134(1990)."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Method of frame representation of animal body for intelligent coding","volume":"72","author":"Kimoto T.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trans. I.E.I.C.E., Japan (D\u2010II)"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"376","article-title":"A method of analyzing human walker from monocular picture based on stick models","volume":"74","author":"Kimoto T.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trans. 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