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To the authors' knowledge, however, neither neurophysiological nor theoretical studies have been able to clarify the roles of these cells in velocity detection.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The authors propose that the cell sequence constitutes a function hierarchy for detecting velocity. Lateral geniculate nucleus cells first introduce a time delay. They are followed by two simple cell types that perform a Hough transform and a spatio\u2010temporal correlation. Complex cells then perform an accumulation to convert the velocity into a sine wave composed of activated cells in the complex cell array. The amplitude and phase of the wave correspond to the velocity speed and direction components. Finally, motion\u2010detection cells in the middle temporal area perform an inverse Hough transform to extract the wave.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Five types of cells are modeled as a series of formulas that represent the synaptic functions of neurons. The modeled cells exhibit the same selectivities to stimuli as actual cells. They detect the velocity from various moving stimuli, including dots, straight lines and curves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.4690260803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,8]],"date-time":"2007-07-08T09:16:52Z","timestamp":1183886212000},"page":"22-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How local image velocity is detected by cells on the magnocellular pathway of the visual cortex"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Susumu","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/335311a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-10-03323.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.16.030193.002101"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1987.57.2.357","article-title":"Two classes of single\u2010input X\u2010cells in cat lateral geniculate nucleus. 1. 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