{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T05:05:52Z","timestamp":1698037552494},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6174,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Softw. Maint: Res. Pract."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Many large real\u2010time systems are expected to have a long, non\u2010stop operational life. It cannot, however, be assumed that the code that initially started executing will remain appropriate for the complete lifetime of the system. Indeed it will more likely be the case that the system will be subject to evolutionary change. This can reflect bug fixes, the addition of new functionality, or redeployment of the original code. We introduce in this paper the term Dynamic change management<\/jats:italic> to represent the process of controlling the modification of executing software.<\/jats:p>The Ada language will increasingly be used to program non\u2010stop systems. Unfortunately dynamic modifications to Ada programs appear to be invalid in terms of the Ada Language Reference Manual. This paper discusses dynamic change management within the context of distributed Ada execution. Our intention is not<\/jats:italic> to provide a methodology within which such changes can take place; we believe this to be too difficult at the current time. Rather we wish to provide a focus for discussion of this important future problem area. However, we do offer a useful classification of software components, and suggest how change can be effected\u2014the approach to be taken depending upon the structure of the component being replaced. The flexibility of dynamic change management depends upon the initial granularity of distribution and deployment. We also attempt to define rules for legally changing running Ada programs.<\/jats:p>Although this paper focuses on the Ada language, many of the issues are of general concern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smr.4360010205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,18]],"date-time":"2006-11-18T07:35:38Z","timestamp":1163835338000},"page":"121-131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Dynamic change management and Ada"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Burns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Wellings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Anderson C. (1989)Ada 9X Project Report to the Public Ada 9X Bulletin Board January 1989."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Dynamic Module Replacement in a Distributed System","author":"Bloom T.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","author":"Burns A.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Ada: The Design Choice, Proceedings Ada\u2010Europe Conference, Madrid","author":"Burns A.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Burns A.andWellings A. J.(1989) \u2018Real\u2010time Ada: outstanding problem areas \u2019 Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Real Time Ada Issues ACM Ada Letters Ada Letters."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/989965.989969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"The virtual node approach to designing distributed Ada programs","volume":"9","author":"Hutcheon A. D.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ada User"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Kramer J.andMagee J.(1988) \u2018A model for change management\u2019 Proceedings of the IEEE Distributed Computing Systems in the '90s Conference September."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Pietkiewicz\u2010Koutny M. (1988)Modelling Dynamic Reconfiguration in TMR Systems Report number 261 University of Newcastle upon Tyne Computing Laboratory June."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"86","volume-title":"Distributed Computing Systems Programme","author":"Sloman M.","year":"1984"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Issues in distributed processing\u2014session summary","volume":"7","author":"Wellings A. J.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Real Time Ada Issues, ACM Ada Letters"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Distributed execution: units of partitioning\u2014session summary","volume":"8","author":"Wellings A. J.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Real Time Ada Issues, ACM Ada Letters, Ada Letters"}],"container-title":["Journal of Software Maintenance: Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fsmr.4360010205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/smr.4360010205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T13:50:22Z","timestamp":1697982622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/smr.4360010205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,12]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/smr.4360010205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smr.4360010205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-550X","1096-908X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-550X","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-908X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,12]]}}}