{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:02:55Z","timestamp":1767916975832,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9371,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Softw Pract Exp"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper describes a proposal for a modification to the language Modula. The modification was motivated by a desire to bring to the language the ability to build hierarchical systems and to support program verification efforts.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In the modified language, called SB\u2010Mod, modules are grouped into levels and calls are permitted from the modules of one level to those of a higher level. Verification is supported through a set of clearly described synchronization constructs and by restricting the flow of information between levels. A result of this is that levels do not interfere with each other and can be treated separately for purposes of verification.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In considering modifications, an attempt was made to provide the user with a variety of control mechanisms, while at the same time avoiding situations in which excessive run\u2010time overhead would be incurred.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380110304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]],"date-time":"2006-11-17T12:06:42Z","timestamp":1163765202000},"page":"237-255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A modula based language supporting hierarchical development and verification"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"A. J.","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. R.","family":"Ensor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1975.6312840"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"The real\u2010time programming language Portal, introduction and survey","volume":"25","author":"Lienhard H.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Landis & Gyr Reaiew"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380070102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380070103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380070104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359763.359798"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","unstructured":"R.Cook \u2018*mod\u2014a language for distributed programming\u2019 Proc. of 1st Intern. Conf. on Distr. Camp. Systems 233\u2013241(1979)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/355620.361161"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. R.AndrewsandJ. R.McGraw \u2018Language features for process interaction\u2019 Proc. of ACM Conf. on Language Design for Reliable Software 114\u2013127(1977).","DOI":"10.1145\/390019.808318"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O. R.AtkinsonandC.Hewitt \u2018Synchronization in actor systems\u2019 SIGPLAN\u2010SIGACT Symp. on Princ. of Prog. 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