{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T16:11:55Z","timestamp":1698250315610},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,30]],"date-time":"2006-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4412,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Softw Pract Exp"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We describe the evolution of a <jats:italic>distributed shared memory<\/jats:italic> (DSM) system, Mirage, and the difficulties encountered when moving the system from a Unix\u2010based* kernel on the VAX to a Unix\u2010based kernel on personal computers. Mirage provides a network transparent form of shared memory for a loosely coupled environment. The system hides network boundaries for processes that are accessing shared memory and is upward compatible with the Unix System V Interface Definition.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This paper addresses the architectural dependencies in the design of the system and evaluates performance of the implementation. The new version, M<jats:sc>IRAGE<\/jats:sc>+, performs well compared to Mirage even though eight times the amount of data is sent on each page fault because of the larger page size used in the implementation. We show that performance of systems with a large page size to network packet size can be dramatically improved on conventional hardware by applying three well\u2010known techniques: packet blasting, compression, and running at interrupt level.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The measured time for a page fault in M<jats:sc>IRAGE<\/jats:sc>+ has been reduced 37 per cent by sending a page using packet blasting instead of using a handshake for each portion of the page. When compression was added to M<jats:sc>IRAGE<\/jats:sc>+, the time to fault a page across the network was further improved by 47 per cent when the page was compressed into one network packet. Our measured performance compares favorably with the amount of time it takes to fault a page from disk. Lastly, running at interrupt level may improve performance 16 per cent when faulting pages without compression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380241003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]],"date-time":"2006-11-17T16:53:31Z","timestamp":1163782411000},"page":"887-909","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mirage+: A kernel implementation of distributed shared memory on a network of personal computers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Brett D.","family":"Fleisch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Randall L.","family":"Hyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Niels Christian","family":"Juul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","unstructured":"M.Accetta R.Baron W.Bolosky D.Golub R.Rashid A.TevanianandM.Young \u2018Mach: a new kernel foundation for UNIX development\u2019 Proceedings of the Summer 1986 USENIX Conference.USENIX June1986."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Proceedings 5th ACM SIGACT\u2010SIGOPS Symposium of Principles of Distributed Computing, Canada","author":"Kai Li","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/75104.75105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","unstructured":"RobertoBisianiandMosurRavishankar. \u2018PLUS: a distributed shared memory system\u2019.Technical report School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 1990."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"168","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1990 Conf. Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, New York, NY, USA","author":"Bennett John K.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","unstructured":"UmakishoreRamachandran MustaqueAhamadandM.YousefA.Khalidi \u2018Unifying synchronization and data transfer in maintaining coherence of distributed shared memory\u2019 Technical Report GIT\u2010ICS\u201088\/23 Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA June1988."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","unstructured":"Brett D.FleischandGerald J.Popek \u2018Mirage: a coherent distributed shared memory design\u2019 Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_3","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Operating Systems Review","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.84877"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","unstructured":"Brett D.Fleisch \u2018Distributed shared memory in a loosely coupled environment\u2019 Ph.D. dissertation Computer Science Department University of California Los Angeles CA USA September1989."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/800216.806605"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","unstructured":"BruceWalker GeraldPopek RobertEnglish Charles Kline and Greg Thiel \u2018The LOCUS distributed operating system\u2019 Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_3","first-page":"49","volume-title":"Operating Systems Review","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/360248.360253"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/363095.363139"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/356571.356573"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","volume-title":"Operating Systems Principles","author":"Hansen Per Brinch","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","volume-title":"Hierarchical Ordering of Sequential Processes","author":"Dijkstra E. 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