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To shift safety considerations from post validation to prior construction, an architecture design method has been proposed based on the MBSE approach, aiming to integrate safety requirements into design process. First, related safety requirements are refined, and a safety pattern library with safety logic is formalized and established, which serves as a bridge between abstract safety requirements and specific architectural solutions. Subsequently, in an iterative, analysis\u2010driven design process, when safety defects are exposed in the architecture, corresponding safety patterns could be systematically selected and instantiated from the library to optimize the architecture. Finally, the approach is demonstrated by designing the flight control architecture of an uncrewed eVTOL aircraft. Case study shows that this method not only ensures consistency and traceability between design and safety, but also transforms the role of safety analysis in the later stage from traditional exploratory analysis to quantitative verification of built\u2010in safety attributes. Thus, a new perspective is provided to improve the efficiency of airworthiness certification in the low\u2010altitude air mobility\u00a0industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/sys.70029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T05:29:55Z","timestamp":1766813395000},"page":"524-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design of Safety Pattern for eVTOL Aircraft Systems Based on MBSE\u2014A Comprehensive Approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4202-7104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Civil Airworthiness Certification Technology Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Civil Airworthiness Certification Technology Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nve","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Civil Airworthiness Certification Technology Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. 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