{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T03:33:55Z","timestamp":1789443235890,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aggressive Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examined the association between bullying victimization and e\u2010cigarette use. Data from a 2019\u20132020 German student survey were used (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916,476). The target population consisted of students enrolled in grades 5\u201310, with a mean age of 13.1 years (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.8), and equal gender distribution (49.5% female). Mixed\u2010effect multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between bullying victimization (attacked physically, assaulted verbally, experienced relational bullying, sexual harassment, cyberbullying) and current e\u2010cigarette use. The multivariable analysis controlled for age, sex, sensation\u2010seeking, socioeconomic status, school performance, type of school attended, and substance use (current cigarette smoking, hookah smoking, and alcohol drinking). Overall 510 (3.7%) students reported current use of e\u2010cigarettes. The odds for using e\u2010cigarettes increased each step of being bullied from \u201cnever,\u201d \u201crarely,\u201d \u201csometimes,\u201d \u201conce a week,\u201d to \u201cseveral times a week\u201d by 2.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.81, 2.29) in the unadjusted model, and by 1.46 (95% CI: 1.24, 1.71) in the covariate\u2010adjusted model. Data indicate an empirical association between victimization and e\u2010cigarette use among German students. Design limitations prevent the conclusion of a causal relationship, calling for well\u2010designed longitudinal studies to investigate the temporal sequence between victimization and e\u2010cigarette use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T17:20:53Z","timestamp":1612977653000},"page":"421-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Association between bullying victimization and e\u2010cigarette use among German students"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Hansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT\u2010Nord Kiel Schleswig\u2010Holstein Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthis","family":"Morgenstern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT\u2010Nord Kiel Schleswig\u2010Holstein Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Isensee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT\u2010Nord Kiel Schleswig\u2010Holstein Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Galimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7163-5738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reiner","family":"Hanewinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT\u2010Nord Kiel Schleswig\u2010Holstein Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"738","article-title":"School absenteeism in children and adolescents","volume":"98","author":"Allen C. 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