{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:45:39Z","timestamp":1791582339017,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000074","name":"U.S. Department of Justice","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\u2010AW\u2010BX\u2010K002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\u2010AW\u2010BX\u2010K002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aggressive Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>This article focuses on the characteristics of sexually violent men who have not been convicted of a crime. The objective of this study was to test the four key interrelated pillars of the Confluence Model. The first key pillar posits the interaction of Hostile Masculinity and Impersonal Sex as core risk predictors. The second pillar entails a \u201cmediated structure\u201d wherein the impact of more general risk factors is mediated via those specific to aggression against women. The third pillar comprises a single latent factor underlying various types of sexual violence. The fourth pillar expands the core model by including the secondary risk factors of lower empathy, peer support, extreme pornography use, and participation in alcohol parties.\u00a0An ethnically diverse sample of 1,148 male students from 13 U.S. colleges and universities completed a comprehensive survey that assessed the hypothesized risk factors and self\u2010reported sexual violence, which included noncontact sexual offenses, contact sexual coercion, and contact sexual aggression.\u00a0A series of multiple regression analyses were conducted before testing structural equation models. The results supported the integration of the four pillars within a single expanded empirical model that accounted for 49% of the variance of sexual violence.\u00a0This study yielded data supporting all four key pillars. These findings provide information about non\u2010redudant risk factors that can be used to develop screening tools, group\u2010based and individually tailored psychoeducational and treatment interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T06:55:49Z","timestamp":1615791349000},"page":"405-420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Factors predictive of sexual violence: Testing the four pillars of the Confluence Model in a large diverse sample of college men"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4742-3487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil M.","family":"Malamuth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Communication and Psychology University of California Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raina V.","family":"Lamade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary P.","family":"Koss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health University of Arizona Tuscon Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health University of Arizona Tuscon Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Seaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Budget &amp; Planning University of California Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Prentky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Fairleigh Dickinson University Teaneck New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Baranger D.(2019 \u00a0September 20). 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