{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:54:29Z","timestamp":1792184069130,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiation scattering from bone reconstruction materials can cause problems from prolonged healing to osteoradionecrosis. Glass fiber reinforced composite (FRC) has been introduced for bone reconstruction in craniofacial surgery but the effects during radiotherapy have not been previously studied. The purpose of this study was to compare the attenuation and back scatter caused by different reconstruction materials during radiotherapy, especially FRC with bioactive glass (BG) and titanium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effect of five different bone reconstruction materials on the surrounding tissue during radiotherapy was measured. The materials tested were titanium, glass FRC with and without BG, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and bone. The samples were irradiated with 6\u00a0MV and 10\u00a0MV photon beams. Measurements of backscattering and dose changes behind the sample were made with radiochromic film and diamond detector dosimetry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>An 18% dose enhancement was measured with a radiochromic film on the entrance side of irradiation for titanium with 6\u00a0MV energy while PEEK and FRC caused an enhancement of 10% and 4%, respectively. FRC\u2010BG did not cause any measurable enhancement. The change in dose immediately behind the sample was also greatest with titanium (15% reduction) compared with the other materials (0\u20131% enhancement). The trend is similar with diamond detector measurements, titanium caused a dose enhancement of up to 4% with a 1\u00a0mm sample and a reduction of 8.5% with 6\u00a0MV energy whereas FRC, FRC\u2010BG, PEEK or bone only caused a maximum dose reduction of 2.2%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Glass fiber reinforced composite causes less interaction with radiation than titanium during radiotherapy and could provide a better healing environment after bone reconstruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T14:47:37Z","timestamp":1575038857000},"page":"119-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Scattering of therapeutic radiation in the presence of craniofacial bone reconstruction 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