{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T03:30:48Z","timestamp":1784172648298,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21he1602004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21he1602004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the dosimetric advantages of daily adaptive radiotherapy (DART) in intensity\u2010modulated proton therapy (IMPT) for high\u2010risk prostate cancer by comparing estimated doses of the conventional non\u2010adaptive radiotherapy (NART) that irradiates according to an original treatment plan through the entire treatment and the DART that uses an adaptive treatment plan generated by using daily CT images acquired before each treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010three patients with prostate cancer were included. A treatment plan with 63\u00a0Gy (relative biological effectiveness (RBE)) in 21 fractions was generated using treatment planning computed tomography (CT) images assuming that all patients had high\u2010risk prostate cancer for which the clinical target volume (CTV) needs to include prostate and the seminal vesicle (SV) in our treatment protocol. Twenty\u2010one adaptive treatment plans for each patient (total 483 data sets) were generated using daily CT images, and dose distributions were calculated. Using a 3\u00a0mm set\u2010up uncertainty in the robust optimization, the doses to the CTV, prostate, SV, rectum, and bladder were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Estimated accumulated doses of NART and DART in the 23 patients were 60.81\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.47\u00a0Gy (RBE) and 63.24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.04\u00a0Gy (RBE) for CTV D99 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01), 62.99\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.28\u00a0Gy (RBE) and 63.43\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.33\u00a0Gy (RBE) for the prostate D99 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.2529), and 59.07\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.19\u00a0Gy (RBE) and 63.17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.04\u00a0Gy (RBE) for SV D99 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). No significant differences were observed between NART and DART in the estimated accumulated dose for the rectum and bladder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with the NART, DART was shown to be a useful approach that can maintain the dose coverage to the target without increasing the dose to the organs at risk (OAR) using the 3\u00a0mm set\u2010up uncertainty in the robust optimization in patients with high\u2010risk prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T18:34:51Z","timestamp":1642617291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dosimetric advantages of daily adaptive strategy in IMPT for high\u2010risk prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Tamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering Hokkaido University  Sapporo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology Hokkaido University Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Kobashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Medical Science and Engineering Faculty of Medicine Hokkaido University  Sapporo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Physics Hokkaido University Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Medical Science and Engineering Faculty of Medicine Hokkaido University  Sapporo 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