{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T18:02:25Z","timestamp":1784743345087,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to propose optimal robust planning by comparing the robustness with setup error with the robustness of a conventional planning target volume (PTV)\u2010based plan and to compare the robust plan to the PTV\u2010based plan for the target and organ at risk (OAR). Data from 13 patients with intermediate\u2010to\u2010high\u2010risk localized prostate cancer who did not have T3b disease were analyzed. The dose distribution under multiple setup error scenarios was assessed using a conventional PTV\u2010based plan. The clinical target volume (CTV) and OAR dose in moving coordinates were used for the dose constraint with the robust plan. The hybrid robust plan added the dose constraint of the PTV\u2010rectum to the static coordinate system. When the isocenter was shifted by 10\u00a0mm in the superior\u2013inferior direction and 8\u00a0mm in the right\u2010left and anterior directions, the doses to the CTV, bladder, and rectum of the PTV\u2010based plan, robust plan, and hybrid robust plan were compared. For the CTV D<jats:sub>99%<\/jats:sub> in the PTV\u2010based plan and hybrid robust plan, over 95% of the prescribed dose was secured in all directions, except in the inferior direction. There was no significant difference between the PTV\u2010based plan and the hybrid robust plan for rectum V<jats:sub>70Gy<\/jats:sub>, V<jats:sub>60Gy<\/jats:sub>, and V<jats:sub>40Gy<\/jats:sub>. This study proposed an optimization method for patients with prostate cancer. When the setup error occurred within the PTV margin, the dose robustness of the CTV for the hybrid robust plan was higher than that of the PTV\u2010based plan, while maintaining the equivalent OAR dose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T08:40:20Z","timestamp":1659516020000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Robust optimization of VMAT for prostate cancer accounting for geometric uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Takuya","family":"Wada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Radiation Therapy Department of Clinical Practice and Support Hiroshima University Hospital  Minami\u2010ku Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology 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