{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:26:10Z","timestamp":1792725970127,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K20826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K20826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24K18787"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24K18787"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of bone relative electron density (rED) assignment on radiotherapy planning for the abdominal region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty patients who received abdominal radiotherapy using MR\u2010Linac and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) simulation were analyzed. The reference plan (RP) was established using both CT and MR image sets (RP_CT and RP_MRI). The RP_MRI utilized the bulk density method. The recalculated RPs derived from various rED assignment methods were evaluated for comparison on both datasets. The RPs were recalculated by excluding rED assignment for bones (scenario A). Based on the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements report, lung contours were assigned rED of 0.258, and body contours were assigned 1.000 (scenario B) and 1.019 (scenario C). Dose volume histogram (DVH) differences between the three recalculated scenarios and RPs were evaluated. D95, D99, and D1cc were evaluated for target volumes, including gross tumor volume, internal target volume, and planning target volume. DVH parameters, including D1cc for each abdominal organ at risk (OAR) and the mean dose to the liver and kidneys, were evaluated. Three\u2010dimensional local gamma analysis was conducted to assess dose distribution differences between the three recalculated scenarios and RPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all scenarios of the CT\u2010 and MRI\u2010based validation, the average gamma pass rates (2%\/2\u00a0mm) were higher than 95%. In the CT\u2010based validation, all target DVHs across the 20 patients showed that none exceeded 2% error in scenario A, whereas 2% and 14% exceeded the threshold in scenarios B and C, respectively. For OARs in CT and MRI\u2010based validation, absolute maximum dose differences when compared with those of the RP were 0.19\u00a0Gy and 0.22\u00a0Gy, respectively, in scenario A.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excluding bone rED considerations in abdominal treatment planning may not yield notable clinical differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T18:54:47Z","timestamp":1741719287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of bulk density assignment of bone on MRI\u2010based abdominal region radiotherapy planning for MR\u2010linac workflow"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4841-1370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kota","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology MR Linac ART Division Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6801-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Tsuneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology MR Linac ART Division Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukio","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology MR Linac ART Division Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  Chiba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences Komazawa University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukinao","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Chiba University Hospital  Chiba 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body mass index\u2010based method for \u201cMR\u2010only\u201d abdominal MR\u2010guided adaptive radiotherapy","author":"Rippke C","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Medizinische Physik"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"ICRU.Photon electron proton and neutron interaction data for body tissues ICRU Report 46."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-9-16"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Clinical Medical 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