{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T19:17:58Z","timestamp":1769887078251,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurovascular\u2010sparing treatment is believed to help preserve erectile function for localized prostate cancer, given the key role of the arterial supply of neurovascular bundles (NVBs) in potency recovery post\u2010treatment. While NVB\u2010sparing radiotherapy (RT) is emerging, imaging methods to assess NVB function are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the functional status of bilateral NVBs using pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound in patients undergoing prostate RT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven patients (mean age: 66.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.1 years) were enrolled in this single\u2010institute prospective study. Each patient underwent a transrectal ultrasound scan in the lithotomy position. Bilateral blood flow in the NVBs was measured using pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound. A custom program was developed to automatically detect and analyze the Doppler spectral waveform. Five Doppler parameters were extracted: peak systolic velocity (PSV), end\u2010diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (Vm), resistive index (RI), and pulsatile index (PI). Discrepancies in Doppler parameters between the left and right sides were calculated. Patient\u2010reported sexual outcomes were assessed using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice (EPIC\u2010CP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Doppler pulsed waveform parameters for the 57 patients were: PSV\u00a0=\u00a011.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.0\u00a0cm\/s, EDV\u00a0=\u00a01.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.9\u00a0cm\/s, Vm\u00a0=\u00a04.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.4\u00a0cm\/s, RI\u00a0=\u00a00.89\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.14, and PI\u00a0=\u00a03.46\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.80. Analysis of PSV revealed differing blood flow between the left and right NVBs: 40 patients had &lt;50% difference, 10 patients had a 50%\u2013100% difference, and seven patients had &gt;100% difference. Among patients aged 65 years or younger (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a011) with EPIC\u2010CP scores, blood flow was negatively correlated to erectile dysfunction (Spearman correlation coefficient of \u22120.71,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Substantial differences in blood flow between bilateral NVBs were observed. The functional information obtained from NVB Doppler ultrasound may be valuable in guiding individualized NVB\u2010sparing treatment planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T05:44:41Z","timestamp":1756100681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Asymmetry in neurovascular bundle blood flow in prostate cancer patients: A pre\u2010treatment doppler ultrasound study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9023-5855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute Emory University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boran","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology MedStar Georgetown University Hospital  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7209-4104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James J.","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7877-1900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard L. 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